上呼吸道感染是一类常见急性感染性疾病，其发病群体以免疫力较低者为主，主要由病毒或细菌感染引发。典型症状为鼻塞、咳嗽等局部表现，易向下呼吸道迁延，诱发哮喘、支气管炎、肺炎等并发症，影响患者的健康及生活质量。黄酮苷类化合物是一类广泛存在于中药中的生物活性物质，对上呼吸道感染具有一定的治疗作用，主要通过抑制炎症反应、抑制氧化应激、抗病毒、调节免疫等途径实现治疗上呼吸道感染的目的。通过综述黄酮苷类化合物治疗上呼吸道感染机制的研究进展，为阐明黄酮苷类化合物治疗上呼吸道感染机制及临床运用提供参考。

Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) are common acute infectious diseases, primarily affecting immunocompromised populations, mainly caused by viral or bacterial infections. Typical symptoms include nasal congestion and coughing, which can progress to lower respiratory tract complications such as asthma, bronchitis, and pneumonia, significantly impacting patients’ health and quality of life. Flavonoid glycosides, bioactive compounds widely found in traditional Chinese medicine, exhibit therapeutic effects against URTI through mechanisms including anti-inflammatory action, inhibition of oxidative stress, antiviral activity and immune regulation. This review summarizes recent research progress on the therapeutic mechanisms of flavonoid glycosides for upper respiratory infections, aiming to provide reference for clarifying the mechanism and clinical application of flavonoid glycosides in the treatment of URTI.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82560758）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（82204590）；江西省自然科学基金资助项目（20252BAC240467，20224BAB216099）；中国博士后科学基金第七十三批面上资助（2023M731439）；江西中医药标准研究中心（12425013）