呼吸道病毒感染是全球高发的传染性疾病，其病原类型复杂、变异迅速，现有防治策略仍面临局限。中医药在防治呼吸道病毒感染中展现出整体调节、多靶点干预的独特优势，但其药效物质基础复杂、作用机制系统性强，研究长期面临整体性评价与系统性机制解析的瓶颈。基于系统论哲学与系统生物学观念，提出以代谢组学为表型枢纽的整合研究路径。在观测层面，结合常规代谢组学、稳定同位素示踪、空间代谢组学及单细胞和亚细胞代谢分析；在关联层面，整合转录组、蛋白质组、微生物组等多组学数据；在计算层面，利用人工智能进行特征提取与网络建模。这一路径有望促进中医药在呼吸道病毒感染防治中的生物标志物挖掘、证候物质基础阐释及复方协同机制等方面的系统性研究。通过推动代谢组学驱动的系统生物学研究新范式，有望提升中医药防治机制的阐释，从而有力推动中医药现代化与国际化进程。

Respiratory viral infections are highly prevalent infectious diseases worldwide, characterized by complex pathogens and rapid mutations, posing limitations to existing prevention and treatment strategies. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) demonstrates unique advantages in holistic regulation and multi-target intervention for these infections. However, the complex pharmacodynamic basis and systemic mechanisms of TCM have presented challenges in achieving comprehensive evaluation and systematic mechanism elucidation. Inspired by systems philosophy and systems biology, this paper proposes an integrative research pathway centered on metabolomics as a phenotypic hub. At the observational level, it incorporates conventional metabolomics, stable isotope tracing, spatial metabolomics, and single-cell/subcellular metabolic analyses. At the association level, it combines multi-omics data such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and microbiome data. At the computational level, artificial intelligence is utilized for feature extraction and network modeling. This pathway aims to advance systematic research in biomarker discovery, syndrome substance basis elucidation, and the synergistic mechanisms of complex formulas in the prevention and treatment of respiratory viral infections with TCM. By promoting a new paradigm of systems biology research driven by metabolomics, it is expected to enhance the interpretation of TCM-based preventive and therapeutic mechanisms, thereby significantly promoting the modernization and internationalization of TCM.

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国家中医药多学科交叉创新团队项目（ZYYCXTD-D202406）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（82404916）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（82341099）；广东省科技计划资助项目（2025B1212030002）；广东省工程技术研究中心资助项目（2024A137）；广东省普通高校工程技术研究（开发）中心（2024GCZX010）