广防风Anisomeles indica是唇形科传统药用植物，用于治疗风湿痹痛、感冒发热及皮肤感染等疾病。目前广防风的研究较少，通过系统梳理国内外文献，对其植物形态学特征、本草考证、植物鉴别、药理活性及临床应用等方面进行总结归纳。本草考证广防风原植物应为Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze，与广藿香、豨莶草形态相似，与“防风”名称易混淆，民间地方药用品有待规范。广防风以全草入药，有祛风解表、理气止痛功效，对抗炎、镇痛、抗癌、抗菌等疗效显著。单味药及复方制剂在临床上可用于治疗类风湿性关节炎、感冒、湿疹等疾病。对广防风的潜在开发前景进行展望，为其进一步研究和临床应用提供参考。

Anisomeles indica, traditional medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family, is utilized in ethnomedicine for the treatment of rheumatism, colds and fevers, as well as skin infections. Currently, the research about A. indica is relatively limited. In this review, a systematic summary of domestic and international literature has been done, providing a comprehensive review of its phytomorphological characteristics, herbalogical textual research, botanical identification, pharmacological activities, and clinical applications. Herbalogical studies confirm that the original plant should be designated as Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze. It exhibits morphological similarities to Pogostemon cablin and Siegesbeckia orientalis, and its nomenclature is easily confused with “Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia divaricata)”. The use of local folk medicinal varieties requires standardization. The whole herb of A. indica is employed medicinally, possessing the properties of dispelling wind, releasing the exterior, regulating “qi” and alleviating pain. It demonstrates significant pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancer, and antibacterial activities. Clinically, both the single herb and compound preparations are used to treat series diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, common cold, and eczema. Furthermore, this review discusses the potential prospects for the development of A. indica, aiming to provide a reference for further research and its clinical application.

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国家外国专家个人项目(Y20240168); 广东省中医药局科研项目(20241159,20251427); 东莞市科技计划重点实验室建设项目(20231600401471,20241600403291); 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金粤惠联合基金重点项目(2023B1515120023); 广东医科大学临床+基础科技创新专项计划(4SG25302G,GDMULCJC2025132);广东医科大学本科生创新创业教育基地项目(JDXM2024034,JDXM2024117)