目的 研究多孔菌科真菌反柄紫芝Ganoderma cochlear甲醇提取物的化学成分，并初步评价其体外抗动脉粥样硬化活性。方法 采用D-101大孔吸附树脂、硅胶柱色谱、反向C₁₈柱色谱、制备薄层色谱及半制备高效液相色谱等技术对提取物进行分离纯化，并通过高分辨质谱、红外光谱、核磁共振等波谱手段鉴定化合物结构，再运用计算NMR和计算ECD确定新化合物的绝对构型；采用氧化低密度脂蛋白（oxidized low-density lipoprotein，ox-LDL）诱导的巨噬细胞脂质沉积模型评估化合物体外抗动脉粥样硬化活性。结果 从反柄紫芝中分离鉴定了2个新颖的化合物，分别鉴定为7,10-环氧-3,4-裂环-9(10→19)迁-25,26,27-三降羊毛脂甾烷-4,11-二氧-8-烯-3,24-二羧酸甲酯（1）和6-羟基-2-(4-甲基戊-3-烯-1-基)-4H-色烯-4-酮（2）。在ox-LDL诱导的巨噬细胞模型中，化合物1和2在40  μmol/L浓度下未表现出明显的抗脂质沉积活性。结论 成功分离并鉴定了2个结构新颖的化合物，分别命名为反柄紫芝萜J（1）和反柄紫芝萜K（2）；其中化合物1代表首个拥有5β-H的灵芝三萜，丰富了灵芝的化学多样性。化合物1和2在初步活性评价中未显示显著的体外抗动脉粥样硬化作用。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents from the methanol extract of the polyporaceae fungus Ganoderma cochlear and preliminarily evaluate their anti-atherosclerotic activity in vitro. Methods The extract was systematically isolated and purified by D-101 macroporous adsorption resin, silica gel column chromatography, reversed-phase C₁₈ column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by HR-ESI-MS, IR, and NMR. Meanwhile, the absolute configurations of the new compounds were determined by NMR and ECD calculation. The in vitro anti-atherosclerotic activities of the isolates were assessed using an oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced macrophage lipid deposition model. Results Two novel compounds were isolated and identified from G. cochlear, designated as 7,10-epoxy-3,4-seco-9 (10→19) abeo-25,26,27-trinorlanosta-4,11-dioxo-8-en-3,24-dimethyl ester (1) and 6-hydroxy-2-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one (2). In the ox-LDL-induced macrophage model, compounds 1 and 2 did not exhibit significant anti-lipid deposition activity at 40 μmol/L. Conclusion This study successfully isolated and identified two new compounds, and named as ganodeconoid J (1) and ganodeconoid K (2). Compound 1 represents the first Ganoderma triterpenoid possessing a 5β-H, enriching the chemical diversity of Ganoderma fungi. Compounds 1 and 2 did not show significant in vitro anti-atherosclerotic activity.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金项目（82204226）