目的 研究赤水金钗石斛Dendrobium nobile的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶、Toyopearl HW-40C以及半制备液相等方法和手段进行系统的化学成分研究，通过HRESIMS、NMR、IR、UV等波谱学方法进行结构鉴定。结果 从金钗石斛95%乙醇提取物的正丁醇部位分离得到6个化合物，分别鉴定为6,7-二甲基-1-[(2S,3R,4R)-2,3,5-三羟基-4-β-D-葡萄糖]-1,4-二氢喹噁嗪-2,3-二酮（1）、2-苯乙基 3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-β-D-葡萄糖苷（2）、diospyrososide（3）、苄基-β-D-葡萄糖苷（4）、淫羊藿次苷D₂（5）、2-methoxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside（6）。结论 化合物1为1个新的生物碱类化合物，2为1个新的苯乙醇苷类化合物，分别命名为金钗石斛碱A1（1）和金钗石斛苷A1（2）；化合物3～6均为首次从金钗石斛中分离得到。

Objective Study on the chemical components of Chishui Dendrobium nobile (Orchidaceae).Methods A systematic chemical study was conducted on the n-butanol fraction of the 95% ethanol extract of Chishui D. nobile using methods and techniques such as silica gel, Toyopearl HW-40C, and semi-preparative liquid chromatography, with structural identification carried out through HRESIMS, NMR, IR, UV, and other spectroscopic methods. Results A total of six compounds were isolated and identified as 6,7-dimethyl-1-[(2S,3R,4R)-2,3,5-trihydroxy-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (1), 2-phenylethyl 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), diospyrososide (3), benzyl-β-D-glucoside (4), icariside D₂ (5), 2-methoxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (6). Conclusion Compound 1 was identified as a new alkaloid, named dendronobiline A1, while compound 2 was identified as a new phenylethanoid glycoside, named dendronobiside A1. Compounds 3—6 are isolated from the plant for the first time.

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中央引导地方科技发展专项资金（[2016]149）；河南省科技攻关项目（212102311091）