创面愈合是一个由多种细胞与因子调控、涉及多条信号通路的复杂生物学过程。愈合延迟、迁延不愈及瘢痕过度增生等问题严重影响患者生活质量，提升愈合速度与美学效果已成为临床研究的重点。紫草Arnebiae Radix作为凉血活血、解毒生肌的重要药物，自古即广泛应用于疮疡溃烂、烧烫伤等创面治疗。现代研究表明，其主要活性成分为萘醌类、多糖类及酚酸类化合物具有抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化、免疫调节、促进血管生成与再上皮化等多重药理作用。在创面愈合过程中，紫草可通过多靶点、多阶段调控炎症反应，促进肉芽组织成熟，加速上皮再生，并改善瘢痕结构，从而全面促进创面愈合。系统梳理紫草及其外用制剂在创面愈合各阶段的作用机制，并对其传统与现代剂型进行综述，以期为紫草在创面愈合领域的深入研究与临床应用提供参考。

Wound healing is a complex biological process regulated by multiple cells, factors, and signaling pathways. Delayed healing, non-healing wounds, and excessive scar formation seriously affect patients’ quality of life. Therefore, accelerating the healing speed and improving aesthetic outcomes have become major clinical concerns. Zicao (Arnebiae Radix) is a traditional Chinese medicine with the effects of “cooling the blood, promoting circulation, detoxifying, and generating flesh,” and has been widely used since antiquity to treat ulcers, burns, and other wounds. Modern studies have revealed that its main active components include naphthoquinones, polysaccharides, and phenolic acids, which exert multiple pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, pro-angiogenic, and re-epithelialization-promoting activities. During wound healing, Arnebiae Radix can act on multiple targets and at multiple stages to regulate inflammation, promote granulation tissue maturation, accelerate epithelial regeneration, and improve scar structure, thereby comprehensively facilitating wound healing. This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms of Arnebiae Radix and its topical preparations in different phases of wound healing, and provides an overview of both traditional and modern dosage forms, aiming to offer a reference for further research and clinical application of Arnebiae Radix in wound healing.

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国医大师陈民藩传承工作室建设项目（国中医药办人教函[2022]245号）；重大疑难疾病中西医临床协作项目（ZDYN-2024-A-135）；福建省中医肛肠与肛周创面修复临床医学研究中心（闽科社2022Y2011）