炎症性肠病（inflammatory bowel disease，IBD）是一种胃肠道慢性复发性非特异性疾病，发病机制尚不明确，目前尚无根治性疗法。黄连Coptidis Rhizoma作为多成分的天然传统中药，凭借其丰富的化学成分和独特的药理活性，在IBD治疗中展现出多靶点、多途径的调控优势。其核心活性成分为异喹啉类生物碱，包括小檗碱（berberine）、黄连碱（coptisine）、巴马汀（palmatine）、小檗红碱（berberrubine）等。此外，黄连还含有黄酮类、木脂素、有机酸、多糖、萜类化合物等多种活性成分，共同发挥清热燥湿、泻火解毒的功效。现代药理学研究证实黄连及其有效成分可通过抗氧化应激、抗炎、免疫调节、保护肠黏膜屏障、调节肠道菌群、调控糖代谢、胆碱能系统调节等机制对IBD产生治疗作用，通过对近年来黄连及其有效成分对IBD治疗的作用机制及应用进行综述，为黄连在IBD临床标准化制剂开发提供参考。

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, recurrent, non-specific gastrointestinal disease with an unclear pathogenesis, and there is no curative treatment at present. As a multi-component natural traditional Chinese medicine, Coptidis Rhizoma shows the advantages of multi-target and multi-pathway regulation in the treatment of IBD with its rich chemical composition and unique pharmacological activity. Its core active ingredients are isoquinoline alkaloids, including berberine, coptisine, palmatine, berberrubine, etc., supplemented by flavonoids, lignans, organic acids, polysaccharides, terpenoids and other components, which have the effect of clearing heat and drying dampness,purgingfire and removing toxin. Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that Coptidis Rhizoma and its active components exert therapeutic effects on IBD through multiple mechanisms, including antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, intestinal mucosal barrier protection, regulation of intestinal flora, glucose metabolism modulation, and cholinergic system regulation. This review summarizes the recent advances in the mechanisms and applications of Coptidis Rhizoma and its active ingredients in the treatment of IBD, providing a reference for the development of standardized clinical preparations of Coptidis Rhizoma.

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国家医疗质量循证管理持续改进研究项目（YLZLXZ22G029）；甘肃中医药大学联合科研基金项目（HXLH-XTCX01）；兰州市科技发展指导性计划项目（2024-9-83）；甘肃省高校教师创新基金项目（2025B-114）