目的 研究中华枸杞Lycium chinense生物碱类化学成分及其保肝活性。方法 采用硅胶、D101大孔吸附树脂、ODS等柱色谱和半制备液相色谱等色谱技术对其化学成分进行分离纯化，进一步通过¹H-NMR、¹³C-NMR、质谱等波谱学手段进行结构鉴定。利用对乙酰氨基酚（APAP）诱导的人肝癌HepG2细胞损伤模型，对单体化合物进行保肝活性评价。结果 从中华枸杞95%乙醇提取物中分离得到16个生物碱类化合物，分别鉴定为lyciumamide P（1）、lyciumamide Q（2）、lyciumamide R（3）、N-cis-grossamide（4）、大麻酰胺E（5）、大麻酰胺F（6）、大麻酰胺G（7）、大麻酰胺H（8）、heliotropamide（9）、N-malonyl-tryptophan（10）、N-acetyltryptophan methyl ester（11）、equisetinine A（12）、烟酰胺（13）、5-羟基吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯（14）、胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷（15）、N¹,N¹⁰-di-dihydrocaffeoylspermidine（16）。结论 化合物1～16均为首次从中华枸杞中分离得到。化合物12、13、15、16为首次从枸杞属植物中分离得到。化合物5～7、10～16在10μmol/L时对APAP诱导的人肝癌HepG2细胞损伤具有显著的保护作用。

Objective To study the alkaloids from the fruit of Lycium chinense and their hepatoprotective activity. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, D101 macroporous resin column chromatography, ODS column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR and mass spectrometry. The acetaminophen (APAP)-induced injury of human liver cancer HepG2 cells model was used to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of these compounds. Results Sixteen alkaloids were isolated from the ethanol extract of fruit of L. chinense. Their structures were identified as lyciumamide P (1), lyciumamide Q (2), lyciumamide R (3), N-cis-grossamide (4), cannabisin E (5), cannabisin F (6), cannabisin G (7), cannabisin H (8), heliotropamide (9), N-malonyl-tryptophan (10), N-acetyltryptophan methyl ester (11), equisetinine A (12), nicotinamide (13), methyl-5-hydroxy-2-pyridinecarboxylate (14), thymidine (15), N¹,N¹⁰-di-dihydrocaffeoylspermidine (16). Conclusion Compounds 1—16 were isolated from L. chinense for the first time. Compounds 12, 13, 15 and 16 were isolated from Lycium for the first time. Compounds 5—7 and 10—16 showed significant hepatoprotective activity against APAP-induced injury of human liver cancer HepG2 cells at 10 μmol/L.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金资助项目（22177027）；河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划（24IRTSTHN039）；河南省杰出青年科学基金项目（252300421027）