铁死亡作为以铁依赖性和脂质过氧化为主要特征的新型程序性细胞死亡方式，是抑制泌尿系肿瘤增殖、转移及逆转耐药性的重要靶点。中药及其活性成分因多靶点、低毒性的作用特点，在调控铁死亡领域具有独特优势，主要体现在对铁死亡关键通路的协同干预方面。研究表明，中药通过靶向调控铁稳态、促进脂质过氧化及抑制以谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4为核心的抗氧化防御系统3大经典通路，促进泌尿系肿瘤细胞内铁过载并破坏氧化还原平衡诱导铁死亡，发挥抗肿瘤作用。通过对中药调控铁死亡防治泌尿系肿瘤作用机理进行系统综述，为其更深入的分子机制研究及更广泛的临床应用提供参考。

Ferroptosis, as a new type of programmed cell death characterized by iron dependence and lipid peroxidation, is an important target for inhibiting proliferation, metastasis and reversing drug resistance of urinary tumors. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its active compounds have unique advantages in the field of regulating ferroptosis due to their multi-target and low toxicity, mainly reflected in the synergistic intervention of key pathways of ferroptosis. Studies have shown that TCM plays an anti-tumor role by targeting the three classical pathways of regulating iron homeostasis, promoting lipid peroxidation and inhibiting the antioxidant defense system with glutathione peroxidase 4 as the core, promoting iron overload in urinary tumor cells and destroying the redox balance to induce ferroptosis. This article aims to systematically review the mechanism of TCM regulating ferroptosis in prevention and treatment of urinary tract tumors, in order to provide reference for its more in-depth molecular mechanisms research and wider clinical application.

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国家自然科学基金面上项目（82473420）；辽宁省卫健委中医药多学科交叉创新团队项目（LNZYYCXTD-JCCX-002）；广东省教育厅高校重点科研平台项目（2022ZDZX2062）