脂质组学可系统性解析生物体内脂质分子的组成、功能及代谢网络，其整体化分析特征与中药“多成分-多靶点-整体调节”的作用模式高度契合，为阐释中药治疗肝病的机制提供了关键技术支撑。系统梳理了近5年脂质组学在中药治疗肝病领域的研究成果，重点分析了中药调控多种肝病相关代谢通路及关键靶点的规律，整理不同中药治法的脂质调控机制，并总结了脂质组学在中药药效物质分析、中药炮制与中药配伍机制验证中的应用价值，为脂质组学赋能中药治疗肝病的作用机制研究、临床精准诊疗及中医药理论的现代化发展提供理论参考与实践思路。

Lipidomics enables the systematic analysis of the composition, functions, and metabolic networks of lipid molecules in organisms. Its holistic analytical characteristics are highly consistent with the “multi-component, multi-target, and holistic regulation” mode of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), providing key technical support for elucidating mechanisms of TCM in treating liver diseases. This article systematically reviews the research achievements in the field of lipidomics applied to TCM for liver disease treatment over the past five years. It focuses on analyzing the regulatory effects of TCM on various liver disease-related metabolic pathways and key targets, organizes the lipid regulation mechanisms of different TCM therapeutic approaches, and summarizes the application value of lipidomics in analyzing the efficacy-related substances of TCM, validating the processing of Chinese medicinal materials, and elucidating the mechanisms of TCM formulation compatibility. The study aims to provide theoretical references and practical insights for enhancing research on mechanism of TCM in treating liver diseases through lipidomics, promoting clinical precision diagnosis and treatment, and advancing modernization of TCM theory.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82360767）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（U23A20521）；广西中医药大学基金资助项目（2023BS058，2024ZD004）；中药壮瑶药创新药物教育部工程研究中心项目（ZYZYY2025016）；广西疑难重症中医诊疗研究团队（2022A001）；广西岐黄学者培养项目（GXQH202404）