目的 基于文献计量学和可视化分析技术对多糖作用于肠道菌群的研究现状和热点进行系统性分析，为今后相关研究提供方向。方法 以中国知网、维普、万方及Web of Science为数据来源，检索“肠道微生物群和多糖”相关中英文文献，运用Cite Space、VOS viewer及Microsoft Excel等工具，对文献发文量、核心研究机构、高产作者、高被引期刊、关键词聚类及突现特征展开可视化与计量分析。结果 共纳入有效中文文献1 684篇、英文文献872篇，近10年该领域发文量整体呈“先升后降”趋势，2017年后进入快速增长阶段；中国（以南昌大学、南京农业大学为核心机构）与美国为主要研究力量，其中中国因中药多糖资源丰富、政策支持力度大，发文量居全球首位；中英文研究呈现差异化路径，中文文献早期聚焦单一多糖（如黄芪多糖、枸杞多糖）对肠道菌群丰度的基础调节，后期转向构效关系与畜牧/临床应用；英文文献则从肠道屏障功能研究逐步拓展至溃疡性结肠炎机制解析，体外发酵模型的应用推动了代谢综合征与短链脂肪酸（short-chain fatty acids，SCFAs）的关联研究。关键词聚类与突现分析表明，免疫调节、结构表征、代谢综合征、短链脂肪酸为核心热点，2022年后“高脂饮食”“精准调控”成为新兴方向。结论 多糖与肠道菌群的互作机制、构效关系及在代谢性疾病（肥胖等）中的应用是未来核心研究方向，中英文研究的协作互补将推动该领域向“精准化、临床化”发展。

Objective Drawing on bibliometric and visualization techniques, this study systematically maps the current landscape and emerging hotspots of polysaccharide–gut microbiota research, offering an evidence-based roadmap for future investigations. Methods China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, Wanfang and Web of Science (WOS) were searched for Chinese- and English-language publications on “gut microbiota AND polysaccharides”. CiteSpace, VOSviewer and Microsoft Excel were employed to visualize and quantify annual output, leading institutes, prolific authors, highly cited journals, keyword clusters and burst terms. Results A total of 1 684 Chinese and 872 English articles were retained. Over the past decade, the field exhibited an “ascend-descend” pattern, entering a rapid-growth phase after 2017. China (Nanchang University and Nanjing Agricultural University as hubs) and the USA dominate the output; China ranks first globally, benefiting from abundant traditional-Chinese-medicine polysaccharide resources and strong policy support. Chinese and English literatures evolved differently: Chinese papers initially focused on single polysaccharides (e.g., Astragali Radix or Lycium barbarum polysaccharides) modulating microbial abundance, then shifted to structure–activity relationships and veterinary/clinical applications, whereas English papers moved from gut-barrier function to ulcerative colitis mechanisms, with in vitro fermentation models advancing studies linking metabolic syndrome to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Keyword clustering and burst detection identified immunomodulation, structural characterization, metabolic syndrome and SCFAs as core topics, while “high-fat diet” and “precision regulation” emerged after 2022. Conclusion Interactions between polysaccharides and gut microbiota, their structure–activity relationships, and applications in metabolic diseases such as obesity constitute the central research agenda. Complementary Chinese-English collaboration will propel the field toward precision and clinical translation.

G350;R285

四川省自然科学基金项目（面上项目）（2026NSFSC0614）；四川省自然科学基金项目（青年基金项目）（2025ZNSFSC1821）；2023年全国中药特色技术传承人才培训项目（T20234832005）