目的 优化经典名方白术散（Baizhu Powder）的提取工艺，并通过细胞抗炎活性实验验证其抗炎活性，为白术散的开发提供依据。方法 建立指标成分葛根素、大豆苷、人参皂苷Rg₁、大豆苷元、人参皂苷Rb₁、甘草酸铵的HPLC检测方法；以指标成分含量、出膏率和提油量为评价指标，层次分析法（analytic hierarchy process，AHP）-熵权法确定各指标综合权重系数，在单因素实验基础上，采用Box-Behnken设计-响应面法（Box-Behnken design-response surface method，BBD-RSM）优化白术散提取工艺；通过脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide，LPS）诱导人正常结肠上皮NCM460细胞炎症模型，考察白术散抗炎活性，验证工艺可行性。结果 白术散优化提取工艺为10倍量水、浸泡30 min、提取2次、每次提取90 min，此条件下，3批工艺验证综合评分的均值为0.974，RSD值为1.94%；白术散药效学验证结果表明，优化工艺制备的白术散能显著降低LPS诱导的NCM460细胞炎症模型的炎症因子白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6，IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α）水平，提高抑炎因子IL-10水平，且与白术散基准样品相比，无显著性差异。结论 AHP-熵权法结合BBD-RSM优选的白术散提取工艺稳定可靠，可为白术散的后续研究及开发提供依据。

Objective To optimize the extraction process of the classic prescription Baizhu Powder (白术散), and verify its anti-inflammatory activity through cell anti-inflammatory activity experiments, providing a basis for the development of Baizhu Powder. Methods An HPLC detection method was established for the index components puerarin, daidzin, ginsenoside Rg₁, daidzein, ginsenoside Rb₁, and ammonium glycyrrhizinate. Taking the content of index components, paste yield and oil extraction volume as evaluation indicators, the comprehensive weights of each index were determined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-entropy weight method. Based on the single-factor experiment, the Box-Behnken design-response surface method (BBD-RSM) was adopted to optimize the Baizhu Powder extraction process. The anti-inflammatory activity of Baizhu Powder was investigated by inducing an inflammatory model of human normal colonic epithelial cells (NCM460) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the feasibility of the process was verified. Results The optimized extraction process of Baizhu Powder was 10 times the volume of water, soaking for 30 min, extraction time for 90 min, and extraction twice. Under these conditions, the average comprehensive score of the three batches of process validation was 0.974, and the RSD value was 1.94%. The pharmacodynamic verification results of Baizhu Powder indicated that the Baizhu Powder prepared by the optimized process could significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the LPS-induced NCM460 cell inflammatory model. The level of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 was increased, and there was no significant difference compared with the Baizhu Powder benchmark sample. Conclusion The Baizhu Powder extraction process optimized by AHP-entropy weight method combined with BBD-RSM is stable and reliable, which can provide a basis for the subsequent research and development of Baizhu Powder.

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全国重点实验室专项（2023QGZDSYS002）；2024江西省重点研发项目（20243BCC31010）；经典名方研发与国际拓展研究（20232BBH80009）