目的 利用化学模式识别技术分析不同品种梅花Mume Flos指纹图谱，结合含量测定和抗氧化能力测定评价不同品种梅花的质量和差异性。方法 采用超高效液相色谱法（UPLC）建立不同品种梅花的指纹图谱，结合化学模式识别技术探讨不同品种梅花之间的差异性，筛选导致不同品种梅花差异的特征化学成分，并定量分析；采用DPPH自由基清除法检测不同品种梅花的抗氧化活性。结果 33批梅花指纹图谱共有22个共有峰，品种群内相似度在0.869以上，而品种群间相似度较低。聚类分析（hierarchical cluster analysis，HCA）、主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）及偏最小二乘判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis，OPLS-DA）可将33批梅花分为2大类3小类，其中绿萼品种群可与其余样品区分。结合OPLS-DA表明，绿原酸、芦丁、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、异绿原酸B、槲皮苷、柚皮素等12个成分可能是导致不同品种梅花差异的特征标志物。含量测定结果表明，除柚皮素外，绿萼品种群样品在成分含量上占优势。抗氧化活性结果表明，绿萼品种群、朱砂品种群及DHH的抗氧化能力相对较强，各品种梅花抗氧化活性与绿原酸、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、异绿原酸B具有较强相关性。结论 不同品种梅花的成分含量及抗氧化活性具有一定差异性，其中绿萼品种群相对稳定。为探究不同品种梅花的差异性及梅花以“绿萼”为好提供数据支撑。

Objective To evaluate the quality and differences among different varieties of Mume Flos by analyzing their fingerprints using chemical pattern recognition techniques, combined with quantitative analysis of characteristic components and antioxidant activity assays. Methods Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was used to establish the fingerprints of different varieties of Mume Flos, combined with the chemical pattern recognition technology to explore the differences between different varieties of Mume Flos, screened for the characteristic chemical components that lead to the differences between different varieties of Mume Flos, and quantitatively analyzed them. The antioxidant activity of different varieties of Mume Flos was detected by DPPH free radical scavenging method. Results A total of 22 common peaks were identified in the fingerprints of 33 batches of Mume Flos.The similarity within the varietal group was above 0.869, while the similarity between the varietal groups was relatively low. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to classify the 33 batches of Mume Flos into two major groups and three subgroups, among which the green calyx group could be distinguished from the rest of the samples. The combination of OPLS-DA indicated that 12 components, including chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, isochlorogenic acid B, quercitrin, and naringenin, might be the characteristic markers leading to the differences in different varieties of Mume Flos. The results of the content determination showed that the samples from the green calyx variety group were dominant in the content of the components except naringenin. The results of antioxidant activity showed that the antioxidant capacity of green calyx variety group, the vermilion variety group, and DHH were relatively higher, and the antioxidant activities of various varieties of Mume Flos had strong correlations with chlorogenic acid, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, isochlorogenic acid B. Conclusion The content of components and antioxidant activity of different varieties of Mume Flos have some variability, among which the green calyx variety group is relatively stable. These results provide data support for exploring the variability of different Mume Flos varieties and the preference of “green calyx” for Mume Flos.

R286.2

名贵中药资源可持续利用能力建设项目（2060302）;安徽道地主产药材药效物质基础研究（RZ2100000757）;安徽省高校科研项目（2023AH050787）;安徽中医药大学人才项目（2021rcyb011）