目的 系统阐明路边青Clerodendron cyrtophyllum植物根、茎、叶、枝等不同药用部位的化学成分差异，深入挖掘其潜在资源利用价值，为规范路边青药用部位提供理论依据。方法 采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱联用仪（ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry，UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）技术，采集高分辨质谱数据，阐明路边青各部位物质基础；运用主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）、偏最小二乘判别分析（partial least squares discriminatory analysis，PLS-DA）等多元统计分析鉴定差异化学成分并筛选特征化学标志物。结果 共鉴定40个特征性化学成分，涵盖黄酮类（17个）、苯乙醇苷类（11个）等结构类型。差异分析显示，根部代谢物整体表达水平显著低于地上部分，且下调代谢物占主导；筛选出圣草酚、5,8-二羟基-6,7-二甲氧基黄酮、木犀草苷、柚皮苷、蓟醇-4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、蓟黄素及泽兰黄素等根与地上部分的差异化合物。结论 系统揭示了路边青不同药用部位间显著的化学成分差异。基于根部化合物含量普遍偏低的结果，建议药材采收与应用优先采用地上部分，以减少根部使用，利于资源可持续利用。该结果不仅为路边青药材的质量标准制定、资源合理利用提供了重要的化学依据，也为深入探究其不同部位药效物质基础及后续开发研究奠定了坚实基础。

Objective To systematically elucidate the differences in chemical constituents among the roots, stems, leaves, and branches of Clerodendron cyrtophyllum and deeply explore its potential resource utilization value, providing a theoretical basis for standardizing its medicinal parts. Methods Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was employed to acquire high-resolution mass spectrometry data, elucidating the chemical basis of different parts from C. cyrtophyllum. Multivariate statistical analyses, including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), were applied to identify differential chemical components and screen characteristic chemical markers. Results A total of 40 characteristic chemical components were identified, encompassing structural types such as flavonoids (17) and phenylethanoid glycosides (11). Differential analysis revealed that the overall expression level of metabolites in the roots was significantly lower than that in the aerial parts, with down-regulated metabolites predominating. Differential compounds between roots and aerial parts were screened, including eriodictyol, 5,8-dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone, luteoloside, naringin, cirsimaritin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, cirsimaritin, and eupatorin. Conclusion This study systematically reveals significant differences in chemical composition among the different medicinal parts of C. cyrtophyllum. Based on the generally lower compound content in the roots, it is recommended to prioritize the use of aerial parts for medicinal harvesting and application to minimize root utilization and promote sustainable resource use. These results not only provide important chemical evidence for establishing quality standards and rational resource utilization of C. cyrtophyllum materials but also lay a solid foundation for in-depth research into the pharmacodynamic material basis of its different parts and subsequent development studies.

R284.1

2024年安徽省华佗中医药研究院科技重大专项项目（BZKZ2424）；安徽省药品监督管理局监管科学研究重点项目（AHYJ-KJ-202422）