目的 利用半夏17个SSR标记和23个表型性状数据，对地理来源多样的255份半夏种质资源进行核心种质构建。为半夏种质资源的科学管理、高效利用和有效保护提供理论依据。方法 结合表型数据的多次聚类偏离度取样法和基因型数据的最大化（M策略）标准（Mp法），抽样构建核心种质。为进一步验证核心种质是否能较好地代表原始种质，利用有效等位基因数（effective number of alleles，N_e）、Nei’s遗传多样性指数（Nei’s genetic diversity index，H）、Shannon指数（Shannon’s index，I）、平均多态信息含量（average polymorphic information content，PIC）、变异系数符合率（variance difference percentage，VR）、极差符合率（extreme variance compliance rate，CR）、方差差异百分率（variance difference percentage，VD）、均值差异百分率（mean difference percentage，MD）等参数进行核心种质代表性检验和评价。结果 基于表型和SSR数据分别筛选出45份和33份材料构建半夏核心种质，分别占原始种质的17.65%和12.94%。对核心种质的表型代表性进行评价，核心种质和原始种质的MD为0，CR均接近或等于100%；对核心种质的SSR基因型代表性进行评价，核心种质和原始种质的N_e、H、I、PIC 4个遗传多样性参数均没有显著性差异。结论 构建的72份半夏核心种质在表型和基因型方面都能够有效代表原始种质的信息，符合核心种质的构建要求。

Objective To construct core germplasm of 255 germplasm resources of Pinellia ternata with diverse geographic origins by utilizing the data of 17 SSR markers and 23 phenotypic traits of P. ternata. To provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management, efficient utilization and effective conservation of P. ternata germplasm resources. Methods The core germplasm was constructed by combining the multiple clustering deviation sampling method for phenotypic data and the maximization strategy (M strategy)-based (Mp) method for genotypic data. To further verify whether the core germplasm could better represent the original germplasm, the effective number of alleles (N_e), Nei’s genetic diversity index (H), Shannon’s index (I), average polymorphic information content (PIC), variance coefficient compliance rate (VR), extreme variance compliance rate (CR), variance difference percentage (VD), and mean difference percentage (MD) were utilized. parameters were tested and evaluated for core germplasm representativeness. Results Based on the phenotypic and SSR data, 45 and 33 materials were screened to construct the core germplasm of P. ternata, accounting for 17.65% and 12.94% of the original germplasm, respectively. The phenotypic representativeness of the core germplasm was evaluated, and the mean difference percentage (MD) of the core germplasm and the original germplasm was 0, and the extreme difference compliance rate (CR) were all close to or equal to 100%, the SSR genotypic representativeness of the core germplasm was evaluated, and the number of Ne, H, I, and PIC were not significantly different for the four genetic diversity parameters. Conclusion The 72-core germplasm of P. ternata could effectively represent the original germplasm in terms of phenotype and genotype, which met the requirements of core germplasm construction.

R286.12

国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3503804);湖北省乡村振兴科技支撑项目(2022BBA148);湖北中医药大学重大科技攻关项目(2023ZDXM008);湖北中医药大学中医药重点专项(2022ZZXZ001)