目的 探讨地椒Thymus quinquecostatus对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤（cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury，CIRI）和斑马鱼氧化应激损伤的改善作用。方法 用80%乙醇从地椒中提取低极性组分（low-polar extract，LPE），通过建立大鼠CIRI模型，评估LPE对神经功能损伤、脑梗死体积和组织病理学改变的影响。利用斑马鱼模型和体外抗氧化实验评价LPE的抗氧化活性。采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）技术分析LPE的入血和入脑成分。结果 LPE显著改善了CIRI大鼠的神经功能（P＜0.01），减少脑梗死率（P＜0.05、0.01），并具有显著的抗氧化活性。LPE入血成分主要包括酚酸类和黄酮类，其中，除芹菜素、金丝桃苷和7-甲氧基木犀草素外，其余成分均能透过血脑屏障进入脑组织。结论 地椒能通过抗氧化作用减轻CIRI，具有开发为脑部疾病治疗药物的潜力。

Objective To investigate the ameliorative effects of Thymus quinquecostatus (TQ) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) in rats and oxidative stress injury in zebrafish. Methods The low-polar extract (LPE) was obtained from TQ using 80% ethanol. A rat CIRI model was established to evaluate the effects of LPE on neurological deficits, cerebral infarct rate and histopathological changes. The zebrafish models and in vitro antioxidant assays were employed to assess the antioxidant activity of LPE. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was used to analyze the blood-and brain-distributed components of LPE. Results LPE significantly improved neurological function (P < 0.01), reduced cerebral infarct rate in CIRI rats (P < 0.05, 0.01), and exhibited notable antioxidant activity. The blood-distributed components of LPE primarily included phenolic acids and flavonoids. Among these, all components except apigenin, hyperoside and 7-methoxyluteolin were able to cross the blood-brain barrier into brain tissue. Conclusions TQ could alleviate CIRI through antioxidant effect, and has the potential to be developed as a drug for the treatment of brain diseases.

R285.5

国家自然科学基金资助项目(81760769);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2018BEG03016)