目的 研究潺槁树Litsea glutinosa树皮的生物碱成分及其体外降糖降脂活性。方法 采用95%乙醇回流提取，经过酸溶碱沉法，再经有机溶剂萃取得到总生物碱。利用硅胶柱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱、半制备高效液相等多种色谱技术进行分离纯化，核磁共振波谱学方法鉴定化合物结构。考察化合物对细胞葡萄糖消耗量的影响和棕榈酸诱导HepG2细胞脂质积累的影响。结果 从潺槁树皮总生物碱中分离得到14个生物碱类化合物，分别鉴定为阿朴菲类生物碱：cassyformine（1）、launobine（2）、N-methylactinodaphnine（3）、波尔定碱（4）、异波尔定碱（5）、N-甲基樟苍碱（6）、hernovine（7）、樟苍碱（9）、(＋)-10,11-dihydroxy-1,2-dimethoxynoraporphine（11）、hernangerine（12）、nordicentrina（13）、dicentrina（14）；苄基四氢异喹啉类生物碱：瑞枯灵（8）；菲类生物碱：litebamine（10）。体外活性测试结果显示，化合物1、5、6、8、9、11可以促进HepG2细胞的葡萄糖消耗，化合物2、3、6、9～11与棕榈酸共同处理后，细胞内三酰甘油（triacylglycerol，TG）水平显著降低。结论 化合物1、11、12、14为首次从木姜子属中分离得到，化合物2、7、10为首次从潺槁树中分离得到；化合物1、5、6、8、9、11表现出显著的降糖活性，化合物2、3、6、9～11表现出显著的调脂活性。

Objective To investigate the alkaloids from the bark of Litsea glutinosa and their in vitro hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities. Methods The bark was extracted with 95% ethanol under reflux. The total alkaloids were subsequently obtained through acid dissolution and alkali precipitation followed by organic solvent extraction. Subsequently, the compounds were isolated and purified by a combination of chromatographic techniques, including silica gel column chromatography (silica gel CC), Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (semi-prep HPLC). For structural elucidation, spectroscopic techniques were employed, primarily nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR). The effects of the compounds on cellular glucose consumption and palmitic acid-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells were investigated. Results Fourteen alkaloids were isolated and identified from the total alkaloid extract of L. glutinosa bark. These compounds were identified as follows: Aporphine alkaloids: cassyformine (1), launobine (2), N-methylactinodaphnine (3), boldine (4), isoboldine (5), N-methyllaurotetanine (6), hernovine (7), laurotetanine (9), (＋)-10,11-dihydroxy-1,2-dimethoxynoraporphine (11), hernangerine (12), nordicentrina (13), and dicentrina (14); benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid: reticuline (8); Phenanthrene alkaloid: litebamine (10). The results of in vitro assays showed that compounds 1, 5, 6, 8, 9, and 11 promoted glucose consumption in HepG2 cells, while compounds 2, 3, 6, 9—11 significantly reduced intracellular triglyceride (TG) levels when co-treated with palmitic acid. Conclusion Compounds 1, 11, 12, and 14 were isolated from the genus Litsea for the first time, while compounds 2, 7, and 10 were firstly obtained from Litsea glutinosa. Furthermore, compounds 1, 5, 6, 8, 9, and 11 exhibited significant hypoglycemic activity, and compounds 2, 3, 6, 9—11 showed potent hypolipidemic effects.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金资助项目(82560834)