黄芪葛根汤首载于清代《证治汇补》，由黄芪、葛根2味药材组成，古方用于治疗“消渴症”。现代临床中，其降糖效果显著，组方应用灵活，可单用、与中药配伍或联合化学药使用。现代医学研究表明，该方在治疗2型糖尿病及其并发症方面颇具成效，能改善糖尿病肾病肾脏微循环，调节糖尿病心肌病心肌代谢，对糖尿病大血管及周围神经病变等也有一定疗效。实验研究显示，黄芪葛根汤可改善胰岛素抵抗，调控炎症反应，减轻氧化应激。通过梳理相关文献，系统阐述其临床研究进展，深入探讨作用机制，旨在为黄芪葛根汤治疗糖尿病提供理论依据，推动其在糖尿病治疗领域的新药研发与临床应用

Huangqi Gegen Decoction (黄芪葛根汤), first recorded in the Qing Dynasty medical work "Zhengzhi Huibu", is composed of two medicinal materials: Huangqi and Gegen. Traditionally prescribed for "Xiaoke zheng" (a condition analogous to diabetes mellitus), this formula has demonstrated significant hypoglycemic effects in modern clinical practice, with versatile applications including standalone use, combination with other Chinese herbal medicines, or integration with Western medications. Contemporary medical studies reveal its efficacy in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications, such as improving renal microcirculation in diabetic nephropathy, regulating myocardial metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy, and alleviating macrovascular complications and peripheral neuropathy. Experimental research indicates that Huangqi Gegen Decoction ameliorates insulin resistance, modulates inflammatory responses, reduces oxidative stress. This paper systematically reviews relevant literature to elucidate its clinical research advancements and explore underlying mechanisms, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for its application in diabetes treatment and to promote its development into novel therapeutics and clinical utilization. The translation adheres to standardized terminology in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) while aligning with contemporary biomedical discourse.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82304893）；陕西省重点研发计划（2023-YBSF-278）；咸阳市重点研发计划（L2022ZDYFSF054）；秦创原中医药产业创新聚集区项目（L2024-QCY-ZYYJJQ-X36）