目的 通过挥发性成分分析结合志愿者感官评价，探究构成太子参Pseudostellaria heterophylla特异性气味物质基础。方法 采用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术（headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry，HS-SPME-GC-MS）对10 批太子参药材挥发性成分进行检测分析，通过气味活度值（odor activity value，OAV）和化合物气味描述初步确定太子参特异性气味的物质基础。将特异性气味成分的OAV值与志愿者感官评价进行Spearman相关性分析，以明确太子参特异性气味的物质基础。结果 研究表明，太子参药材具有土霉味、酸味、脂肪味等特殊气味，其中OAV＞100的关键物质包括己酸、2-乙基-3,5-甲基吡嗪、(E)-2-壬醛、1-辛烯-3-酮、(E, E)-2,4-壬二烯醛、2,3-丁二酮。Spearman双变量相关性分析结果表明，土霉味与2-乙基-3,5-甲基吡嗪、1-辛烯-3-醇、(E)-2-壬醛呈显著正相关；酸味与辛酸、己酸、正戊酸呈显著正相关；脂肪味与(E, E)-2,4-壬二烯醛、壬醛、(E)-2-十一烯醛、(E)-2-辛烯醛呈显著正相关。结论 不仅识别了太子参气味的主要贡献成分，还明确了不同气味特征与化学成分之间的对应关系，为太子参矫味相关研究提供了重要的数据支撑。

Objective To explore the basis of specific odors of Taizishen (Pseudostellariae Radix) by analyzing volatile components and sensory evaluation of volunteers. Methods The volatile components in 10 batches of Pseudostellariae Radix were detected and analyzed using headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). The odor activity value (OAV) and odor description were used to preliminarily identify the material basis of the specific odor of Pseudostellariae Radix. Spearman correlation analysis was performed between the OAV values of the specific odor components and the sensory evaluation results from volunteers to further determine the material basis of the specific odor of Pseudostellariae Radix. Results The study demonstrated that Pseudostellariae Radix possesses distinct odors, including earthy mildew, sourness, and a fatty taste. Key substances with OAV > 100 were identified as hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine, (E)-2-nonenal, 1-octen-3-one, (E,E)-2, 4-nonadienal, and 2,3-butanedione. Spearman bivariate correlation analysis revealed that the earthy mildew smell was positively correlated with 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine, 1-Octen-3-ol, and (E)-2-nonenal. The sour taste showed a positive correlation with octanoic acid, hexanoic acid, and pentanoic acid. The fatty taste was positively correlated with (E, E)-2,4-nonadienal, nonanal, (E)-2-undeceboic acid, and (E)-2-octenal. Conclusion This research not only identified the major components responsible for the odor of Pseudostellariae Radix, but also clarified the corresponding relationship between different odor characteristics and chemical components. These findings provide crucial data support for studies on taste correction of Pseudostellariae Radix.

R286.2

国家自然科学基金面上项目（82474090）