目的 分析蒙药草乌Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix的相关研究现状和炮制历史沿革，总结草乌的化学成分和现代药理毒理研究，为国内外草乌的研究方向和研究思路提供参考。方法 分别检索中国知网（CNKI）数据库和Web of Science（WOS）核心合集数据库中草乌的中、英文文献，时间限定为1992年1月—2024年11月。利用CiteSpace软件统计分析草乌相关研究的发文量，发文作者、机构，研究热点等文献关键特征。通过查询历代古籍文献梳理草乌的炮制方法。结果 共检索到中文文献695篇和英文文献84篇。近30年中、英文文献均在不同时间段内呈现出显著的波动与变化，中文文献量远多于英文文献量。中、英文文献发文量最多的作者分别是图雅和廖万金；发文量最多的研究机构分别为北京中医药大学中药学院和中国科学院；中、英文文献关键词共现、聚类和突现分析显示，草乌研究热点主要聚焦在化学成分、毒性、炮制方法、药理作用、作用机制及临床配伍用药规律等方面。结论 草乌的心脏毒性和炮制减毒研究是目前亟需解决的关键科学问题，继承与创新蒙药草乌特色炮制减毒方法和阐明减毒机制，有利于提高蒙药草乌的临床应用安全性和有效性。

Objective To analyze the current status of research related to the Mongolian medicine Caowu (Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix) and the historical evolution of its preparation, to summarize the chemical composition and modern pharmacological and toxicological studies of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix, and to provide a reference for the research direction and research ideas of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix at home and abroad. Methods The Chinese and English literature of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database and the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection database, respectively, with a time limit from January 1992 to November 2024. CiteSpace software was used to statistically analyse the key features of the literature, such as the number of publications, authors, institutions, research hotspots, etc. of the studies related to Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix. As well as combing the concoctions of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix by searching the ancient literature through the ages. Results A total of 695 articles in Chinese and 84 articles in English were retrieved. Both Chinese and English literatures showed significant fluctuations and changes in different time periods in the past 30 years, and the amount of Chinese literatures was much more than that of English literatures. The authors with the most publications in Chinese and English were Tu Ya and Liao Wanjin, respectively; The research institutions with the most publications were the School of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, respectively. The keyword co-occurrence, clustering and emergence diagrams in Chinese and English showed that the research hotspots mainly focused on the aspects of chemical constituents, toxicity, concocting methods, pharmacological effects, mechanism of action and clinical combinations of medicines. Conclusion The study of cardiotoxicity and toxicity reduction of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix is a key scientific problem that needs to be solved urgently, and the special preparation method of Mongolian medicine is the core technology of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix to reduce toxicity, which is conducive to the improvement of the safety and efficacy of the clinical application of Mongolian medicine Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix.

G350;R283

国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（82204764）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（82360848，82274212）；国家药监局中药（蒙药）质量控制重点实验室开放课题（MDK2024023）；四川省自然科学基金青年项目（2025ZNSFSC1819）