目的 对含大黄-黄连药对的古今组方进行数据挖掘，梳理二者配伍“收苦寒之益，无苦寒之弊”用药规律。方法 通过Python脚本采集《中医方剂大辞典》中含大黄-黄连药对的中药方剂，构建大黄-黄连配伍方剂数据库；运用IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0软件分析方剂主治与大黄-黄连剂量、配比、剂型、用法的关联规则。结果 共纳入符合标准的大黄-黄连组方1 044首，其中丸剂、散剂、汤剂为大黄-黄连配伍的核心剂型。二者合用倾向于直接生用（68.30%），炮制处理的占比较低。半数以上（50.17%）大黄-黄连按1∶1进行配比，其中“1两∶1两”最为常见。大黄-黄连二者配比相同或相近时更能体现其“收苦寒之益，无苦寒之弊”的特性（65.11%），在1∶5～5∶1配比范围内大黄-黄连配伍平和“苦寒偏性”，增强“清热泻火”“凉血解毒”“止呕止泻”等功效，与疮疡、肝火炽盛证、大肠湿热证等病症呈强相关。结论 大黄-黄连配伍“收苦寒之益，无苦寒之弊”与配比、剂型、剂量、用法等密切相关，临床用药时应根据患者不同的适应证对大黄-黄连组方做出改变。

Objective In this study, data mining of ancient and modern prescriptions containing Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma)-Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) was carried out to sort out the drug law of “the benefit of receiving bitter and cold, without the disadvantage of bitter and cold”. Methods The traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions containing Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Coptidis Rhizoma pairs were collected from the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions by Python script, and the database of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Coptidis Rhizoma compatible prescriptions was constructed. IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 software was used to analyze the association rules between prescription indications and dosage, ratio, usage and dosage form. Results A total of 1 044 prescriptions of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Coptidis Rhizoma were included, among which pill, powder and decoction were the core dosage forms of them. Direct use (68.30%) was preferred for the combination of the two, and processing accounted for a relatively low proportion. More than half (50.17%) of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Coptidis Rhizoma were proportioned 1∶1, of which “1 liang∶1 liang” was the most common. The combination of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Coptidis Rhizoma with “the benefit of receiving bitter and cold, without the disadvantage of bitter and cold” mainly reflected the same or similar ratio of the two. In “1∶5—5∶1” dose range, the combination of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Coptidis Rhizoma could reduce the “bitter and cold”, enhanced the “clearing heat and draining fire”, “cooling blood and detoxification” “stopping vomiting and diarrhea” and other effects. It was strongly related to diseases such as sore, liver fire, dampness-heat of large intestine, etc. Conclusion The combination of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Coptidis Rhizoma, which has the benefits of bitter and cold without the drawbacks, was closely related to the proportion, dosage form, dosage and usage. In clinical medication, the formula of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Coptidis Rhizoma should be adjusted according to different indications of patients.

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国家自然科学基金项目（82474059）；中央高校基金科研业务项目（2023-JYB-JBZD-049）；中央高校基金科研业务项目（2022-XJ-KYQD-008）；北京中医药大学教育科学研究课题（XBB24036）；国家级高层次青年人才支持计划