目的 对龙眼肉标准汤剂化学成分及其改善阿尔茨海默病的作用机制进行研究。方法 采用正相硅胶柱色谱、薄层色谱、半制备高效液相色谱等多种手段进行分离鉴定，通过网络药理学对龙眼肉标准汤剂及其单体化合物改善阿尔茨海默病的潜在作用机制进行研究。结果 从龙眼肉标准汤剂中分离得到蔗糖（1）、2-O-β-D-呋喃糖-L-α-D-阿洛糖（2）、10-二十碳烯酸（3）、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（4）、肌醇（5）、2-(5-羟甲基-2-甲酰基吡咯-1-基)丙酸内酯（6）、丁烷-2,3-二醇-2-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）、β-D-葡萄糖乙苷（8）、5-羟甲基糠醛（9）、没食子酸（10）、双-(5-甲酰基糠基)醚（11）、4-[甲酰基-5-(甲氧甲基)-1H-吡咯-1-基]丁酸（12）。网络药理学研究表明，龙眼肉标准汤剂可能通过作用于肿瘤坏死因子（tumor necrosis factor，TNF）等靶点、干预淀粉样前体蛋白（amyloid precursor protein，APP）/β-淀粉样蛋白（amyloid β-protein，Aβ）/Ca²⁺/胱天蛋白酶3（caspase-3，CASP3）等信号通路，从而达到改善阿尔茨海默病的作用。结论 从龙眼肉标准汤剂中分离得到的12个化合物均为首次从龙眼肉标准汤剂中分离得到，其中化合物2～7、9～12为首次从龙眼肉中分离得到；龙眼肉标准汤剂具有改善阿尔茨海默病的潜在活性。

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Longan Arillus standard decoction and its mechanism of improving Alzheimer’s disease. Methods The compounds were isolated and identified by normal phase silica gel column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography and other methods. The potential mechanism of LonganArillus standard decoction and its monomer compounds in improving Alzheimer's disease was studied by network pharmacology. Results Sucrose (1), 2-O-β-D-furanose-L-α-D-allose (2), 10-eicosenoic acid (3), dibutyl phthalate (4), inositol (5), 2-(5-hydroxymethyl-2-formylpyrrol-1-yl) propionic acid lactone (6), butane-2,3-diol-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), β-D-glucopyranoside (8), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (9), gallic acid (10), 5,5'-oxybis(5-methylene-2-furaldehyde) (11), 4-[formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl] butyric acid (12) were isolated from the standard decoction of Longan Arillus. Network pharmacology studies have shown that LongaAarillus standard decoction may improve Alzheimer’s disease by acting on targets such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and intervening amyloid precursor protein (APP)/Aβ/Ca²⁺/caspase-3 (CASP3) signaling pathways. Conclusion A total of twelve compounds are isolated from the Longa Aarillus standard decoction for the first time. Compounds 2—7, 9—12 are isolated from Longa Aarillus for the first time. The Longa Aarillus standard decoction has the potential activity to improve Alzheimer’s disease.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82174209）