半夏泻心汤是源自《伤寒杂病论》的经典方剂，对多种疾病具有较好的临床疗效。通过系统回顾半夏泻心汤在不同疾病中的临床应用，并探讨其作用机制，发现半夏泻心汤通过调节炎症因子、改善胃肠运动功能、调节肠道菌群等作用，对胃食管反流病、胃炎、消化性溃疡、炎症性肠病等消化系统疾病具有显著疗效。该方剂在循环系统疾病、皮肤疾病、肿瘤性疾病和妇科疾病等方面也显示出较好的治疗效果。半夏泻心汤的安全性高、不良反应少，适用于个体化治疗。未来研究应进一步探索其临床应用、有效成分、作用机制和分子靶点，以提高临床应用的科学性和准确性。

Banxia Xiexin Decoction (半夏泻心汤) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription derived from Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases. It has good clinical effect on treating many diseases. By systematically reviewing the clinical applications of Banxia Xiexin Decoction in different diseases and exploring its mechanism of action, it is found that Banxia Xiexin Decoction exerts effects such as regulating inflammatory factors, improving gastrointestinal motility function, and regulating the intestinal flora. It has significant curative effects on digestive system diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastritis, peptic ulcer, and inflammatory bowel disease. In addition, the prescription has also shown good therapeutic effect in the fields of circulatory system diseases, skin diseases, neoplastic diseases and gynecological diseases. Banxia Xiexin Decoction has high safety and few adverse reactions, and is suitable for individualized treatment. Future studies should further explore its clinical application, active ingredients, mechanism of action and molecular targets to improve the scientific and accurate clinical application.

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国家自然科学基金项目（82274412）；国家自然科学基金项目（82305092）；国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目（zyyzdxk-2023147）；广东省重点领域研发项目（2020B1111100001）；湖南省自然科学基金项目（2023JJ30453）；长沙市自然科学基金项目（kq2208185）