灵芝Ganoderma作为我国药食两用名贵中药，在中国已有两千多年的应用历史。灵芝中的化学成分包括多糖、多糖肽、三萜类、甾醇、核苷、有机酸等，其中主要活性成分为灵芝多糖类和三萜类化合物。总结了灵芝主要活性成分在免疫调节、保肝、护肾、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗炎、调血脂、降血糖等方面药理活性研究，同时概述了灵芝多糖类和三萜类物质生物合成途径，以期为高品质灵芝功效评价和生物合成提供参考依据，也为灵芝在保健食品和临床应用提供科学依据。

Fulin (Ganoderma) has been used in China for more than 2 000 years as a precious traditional Chinese medicine that can be used both as food and medicine. The chemical constituents of Ganoderma include polysaccharides, polysaccharide peptides, triterpenoids, sterols, nucleosides, organic acids, etc., among which the main active components are polysaccharides and triterpenoids. Research progress on pharmacological activity of Ganoderma was reviewed in terms of immunomodulation, hepatoprotection, renal protection, antioxidant, antitumour, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic effects, and the biosynthetic pathways of Ganoderma polysaccharides and triterpenoids were summarized, so as to provide a reference basis for the evaluation of efficacy of high-quality Ganoderma and biosynthesis, as well as a scientific basis for the application of Ganoderma in health food and clinical applications.

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那曲市级科技计划项目（NQKJ-2024-20）；福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目（KFB24058）；国家重点研发计划子课题二（2023YFD1600502）；福建省农业农村厅农业资源保护与利用专项（KKY22001XA）；福建省重大专项“菌草种质创新及其产业化利用关键技术研究与应用”（2021NZ0101）