目的 优选盐沙苑子Astragali Complanati Semen最佳炮制工艺，并对其炮制前后抗炎作用进行研究。方法 在单因素实验基础上，采用L₉(3⁴)正交试验设计，结合熵权-优劣解距离法（逼近理想解排序法，technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution，TOPSIS），以7个黄酮类成分（山柰酚-3-O-桑布双糖苷、紫云英苷、沙苑子苷B、沙苑子苷、杨梅素、山柰酚和山柰素）的含量作为评价指标，得到沙苑子最佳盐炙工艺并进行验证；建立以2,4,6-三硝基苯磺酸（2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid，TNBS）诱导的斑马鱼肠炎模型，对沙苑子盐炙前后抗炎作用进行比较。结果 优选得出的沙苑子最佳盐炙工艺为每30克沙苑子，加2%食盐水4 mL，闷润8 h，于100 ℃炒15 min；药效实验结果表明，沙苑子盐炙后对斑马鱼肠炎模型肠道组织紊乱的改善及降低肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（interleukin-1β，IL-1β）、IL-6和IL-8释放量等方面略优于生品。结论 熵权-TOPSIS法优选得到的盐沙苑子炮制工艺稳定、可行。与模型组相比，盐沙苑子水提物展现出显著的抗炎活性，可为阐明盐沙苑子的炮制增效机制提供参考。

Objective To optimize the best processing technology for salt-processed Shayuanzi (Astragali Complanati Semen, ACS) and investigate its anti-inflammatory effects before and after processing. Methods Based on single-factor experiments, a L₉(3⁴) orthogonal experimental design combined with the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method was employed. The content changes of seven flavonoid components (leucoside, astragalin, complanatoside B, complanatoside, myricetin, kaempferol, and kaempferide) were used as evaluation indicators, the optimal salt-stir-frying process was obtained and verified. Additionally, a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced zebrafish enteritis model was established to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of ACS before and after salt processing. Results The optimal salt-stir-frying process for ACS was determined as follows: for every 30 g of ACS, 4 mL of 2% salt water was added, followed by an 8-hour soak and stir-frying at 100 ℃ for 15 min. The pharmacodynamic experimental results showed that the salt-processed ACS was slightly better than the ACS in improving intestinal tissue disorders in the zebrafish enteritis model and reducing the release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and IL-8. Conclusion The processing technology of salt-processed ACS optimized by the entropy weight TOPSIS method is stable and feasible. The aqueous extract of salt-processed ACS exhibits stronger anti-inflammatory effects than the raw material, providing a reference for elucidating the processing-enhanced mechanism of salt-processed ACS.

R283.6

河北省中医药管理局科研计划项目（2024096）；河北中医学院优秀创新团队项目（YXTD2023007）；河北省“三三三人才工程”资助项目（C2024061）；中药炮制技术传承基地建设项目（内卫办中（蒙）管理字［2022］278号）