目的 探索茯苓饮片的最佳炮制工艺。方法 通过市场及文献调研发现茯苓的常用加工品饮片主要包含以下6种加工方法，包括鲜切、晒干、阴干、发汗、蒸制、发汗蒸制6种，设计正交试验结合综合评分优化6组不同工艺参数，采用HPLC法和苯酚-硫酸法分别测定6组茯苓不同炮制工艺饮片中茯苓酸A、茯苓酸B、去氢茯苓酸、松苓新酸和茯苓多糖的含量，使用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C₁₈色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm，5 μm），以0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相，梯度洗脱，柱温35 ℃，进样量5 μL，体积流量1 mL/min，对6组不同炮制工艺茯苓进行三萜酸和茯苓多糖含量进行定量研究。结果 阴干组（湿度90%、温度23℃、4 mm薄片）茯苓三萜酸及茯苓多糖含量最高，综合评分0.896，较其余炮制组综合评分最高，且方差分析表明相对湿度（P＜0.01）及发酵温度（P＜0.05）为阴干工艺关键因素。结论 基于多指标成分定量分析，为茯苓饮片的炮制工艺质量精准控制及临床应用提供物质基础研究与科学依据。

Objective To explore the optimal processing technology for Fuling (Poria) decoction pieces. Methods Through market and literature research, it was found that the commonly used processed products of Poria cocos mainly include the following six processing methods: fresh cutting, sun drying, shade drying, sweating, steaming, and sweating steaming. Orthogonal experiments combined with comprehensive scoring were used to optimize six sets of process parameters. HPLC and phenol sulfuric acid methods were used to measure the contents of poricoic acid A, poricoic acid B, dehydropachymic acid, 3-dehydrotrametenolic acid and Poria polysaccharide in the six groups of Poria processed products. An Agilent Eclipse XDB-C₁₈ chromatographic column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used, with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution-acetonitrile as the mobile phase, gradient elution was performed. The column temperature was 35 ℃, the injection volume was 5 μL, and the volumetric flow rate was 1 mL/min. Quantitative study was conducted on the content of triterpenoid acids and Poria polysaccharides in six different processing techniques of Poria. Results The content of triterpenoids and polysaccharides of Poria was highest in the shade drying group (humidity 90%, temperature 23 ℃, 4mm slice), with a comprehensive score of 0.896, which was the highest compared to the other processing groups. The analysis of variance showed that relative humidity (P < 0.01) and fermentation temperature (P < 0.05) were key factors in the shade drying process. Conclusion Based on quantitative analysis of multi-index components, this study provides a material research basis and scientific basis for precise quality control and clinical application of the processing technology of of Poria decoction pieces.

R283.6

国家重点研发计划（2024YFC3507002）；中医药传承创新人才支持计划（2023ZR082）