目的 探究贯叶金丝桃Hypericum perforatum不同药用部位的化学成分组成和含量差异。方法 采用超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱法（UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS）对贯叶金丝桃不同部位（花、叶、果和茎）中的化学成分进行表征和鉴定，并通过多元统计分析筛选不同部位的差异性成分。利用超高效液相色谱-电雾式检测器（UHPLC-CAD）技术比较不同部位中化学成分的含量差异。结果 从贯叶金丝桃不同部位中共鉴定出51个化学成分，包括15个黄酮类、20个间苯三酚类、4个萘骈二蒽酮类、7个有机酸类及5个其他类成分。不同部位间的化学成分存在一定差异，通过多元统计分析共筛选出15个差异成分。半定量分析结果表明，花和叶中的黄酮类成分含量高于果和茎，其中叶中芦丁和金丝桃苷的含量是茎和果部位的3～4倍；果中的间苯三酚类成分含量显著高于其他部位，其贯叶金丝桃素的含量是叶部位的3～4倍；茎中各成分的含量均低于其他部位。结论 综合定性和半定量方法明确了贯叶金丝桃不同药用部位间化学成分的组成和含量差异，为贯叶金丝桃质量控制和资源的合理利用提供参考。

Objective To investigate the differences in the types and contents of chemical components among different medicinal parts of Hypericum perforatum. Methods The chemical composition in different parts of H. perforatum (flowers, leaves, fruits, and stems) was characterized and identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Multivariate statistical analysis was used to screen the differential makers between different parts. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem charged aerosol detector (UHPLC-CAD) was applied for the semi-quantitative analysis of main chemicals in different medicinal parts. Results A total of 51 chemical components were identified from different parts of H. perforatum, including 15 flavonoids, 20 phloroglucinols, four naphthalene anthralones, seven organic acids and five others. The multivariate statistical analysis revealed significant distinctions in the chemical constituents among different medicinal parts and 15 differential makers were screen out. The results of semi-quantitative analysis indicated that the contents of flavonoids in flowers and leaves were higher than those in fruits and stems, with the contents of rutin and hypericin in leaves being 3 to 4 times higher than those in stems and fruits. Additionally, the contents of phloroglucinol derivatives in fruits exceeded those in other parts, with hyperforin content being 3 to 4 times higher than in leaves. The contents of all chemicals in the stems were found to be lower than those in other medicinal parts. Conclusion In this study, the established qualitative and semi-quantitative methods demonstrated the noticeable differences in the types and contents of main chemical constituents among different medicinal parts of H. perforatum, which provides a theoretical basis for the quality control and rational utilization of resources of H. perforatum.

R284.1