目的 对甲基磺酸乙酯（ethyl methanesulfonate，EMS）诱变下蒲公英Taraxacum mongolicum胚性细胞进行转录组测序，探究EMS诱变对蒲公英基因表达的影响。方法 利用Illumina HiSeq 2500高通量测序技术对对照（CK）、0.15% EMS处理8 h后的蒲公英胚性细胞进行测序并建立cDNA数据库，经拼接后得到Unigene，并进一步开展生物信息学分析。结果 共获得Unigene 45 551条，分别有32 954、12 923、21 752、28 115、9 764条被非冗余数据库（non-redundant protein sequence database，NR）、基因本体（gene ontology，GO）、Swiss-Prot、eggNOG、京都基因与基因组数据库（Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes，KEGG）等数据库注释，GO富集分析发现，蒲公英胚性细胞的DEGs在GO功能注释中主要集中于细胞过程、代谢过程、结合蛋白、氧化还原、催化活性等功能。KEGG途径富集结果表明，EMS诱变下DEGs显著富集在植物激素信号转导、光合作用、光合生物的固碳作用及光合作用-天线蛋白、胡萝卜素合成、不饱和脂肪酸代谢以及淀粉和糖代谢途径。EMS诱变能引起蒲公英胚性细胞植物激素信号转导途径关键酶基因的表达上调，响应胁迫。结论 通过转录组测序，初步表明EMS诱变下蒲公英胚性细胞差异基因的表达，并调控蒲公英胚性细胞中植物激素信号转导途径的相关酶基因，以期为从分子基因方面培育优质蒲公英提供参考和依据。

Objective Transcriptome sequencing was performed on Taraxacum mongolicum embryogenic cells induced by ethyl methanesulfonate to explore the effect of ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis on gene expression in T. mongolicum. Methods Illumina HiSeq 2500 high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence embryogenic cells of T. mongolicum in 0% EMS (control) and 0.15% EMS treatments for 8 h and establish cDNA database. Unigene was obtained by splicing, and further biochemistry analysis was carried out. Results A total of 32 954, 12 923, 21 752, 28 115 and 9 764 Unigene were annotated by non-redundant protein sequence database (NR), gene ontology (GO), Swiss-Prot, eggNOG and Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) databases, respectively. A total of 45 551 DEGs were screened. GO enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs of dandelion embryonic cells were mainly concentrated in cellular processes, metabolic processes, binding proteins, redox and catalytic activity in GO functional annotation. The KEGG pathway enrichment results showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, photosynthesis, carbon sequestration in photosynthetic organisms, photosynthesis antenna protein synthesis, carotenoid synthesis, unsaturated fatty acid metabolism, and starch and sugar metabolism pathways under EMS mutagenesis. EMS mutagenesis can induce upregulation of key enzyme genes in the plant hormone signaling pathway of T. mongolicum embryonic cells in response to stress. Conclusion Through transcriptome sequencing, it has been preliminarily demonstrated that EMS induces differential gene expression in T. mongolicum embryogenic cells and regulates the related enzyme genes of plant hormone signaling pathways in T. mongolicum embryogenic cells, in order to provide reference and basis for cultivating high-quality T. mongolicum from the molecular gene perspective.

R286.12

河北省农林科学院基本科研业务费项目（2023010101）；河北省重点研发项目（21326312D-8）；河北省农林科学院科技创新专项课题资助（2022KJCXZX-BHS-4）