[关键词]
[摘要]
丛枝菌根真菌（arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi，AMF）是一类广泛定植于植物根系的共生内生真菌，其在促进植物生长、提高重金属胁迫抗性等方面具有重要作用。镉（cadmium，Cd）具有较强的毒性，可在植物中富集，造成食物链毒害。基于国内外最新研究进展，以药用植物为主要研究对象，归纳分析了Cd胁迫下接种AMF对宿主植物生长，活性成分积累，Cd吸收、积累、分布、迁移和转运的影响。总结了AMF提高宿主植物Cd胁迫抗性的作用机制，并分别从生理和分子角度阐释了各作用机制，探讨了各通路可能的调控机制。此外，基于课题组前期研究，以三七-AMF-Cd系统为例，绘制了AMF提高三七Cd胁迫抗性作用机制图解。对研究AMF与宿主植物协同调控Cd胁迫作用机制，解决土壤Cd污染问题，实施生态农业或中药材生态化种植，降低植物药用和食用部位Cd积累具有重要的参考价值。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a kind of symbiotic endophytic fungi that widely colonize into plant roots, which play important roles in promoting plant growth and enhancing resistance to heavy metals. Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic material and can be enriched in plants, causing food chain toxicity. Based on the latest research progress at home and abroad, our summarized and analyzed the effects of AMF on the growth of host plants under Cd stress, the accumulation of active components, as well as the absorption to Cd and its accumulation, distribution, migration and transport. In the paper, the mechanism of AMF in enhancing the resistance of host plants to Cd stress was summarized, and the mechanisms were explained from the physiological and molecular perspectives, and the possible regulatory mechanisms of each pathway were discussed. In addition, taking the system of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen-AMF-Cd system as an example, the diagram of AMF in enhancing the plant resistance to Cd was drew out. This review has important reference value for studying the mechanism of coordination between AMF and host plants to regulate Cd stress, solving the problem of Cd pollution in soil, implementing ecological agriculture or ecological cultivation of Chinese medicinal herbals, and reducing Cd accumulation in the medicinal and edible parts of plants.
[中图分类号]
R286.2
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目（82260743）;国家自然科学基金资助项目（82360750）;中央本级重大增减支项目“名贵中药资源可持续利用能力建设项目”（2060302-2404-05）;云南省基础研究计划面上项目（202201AT070219）;云南省中医药应用基础研究联合专项（202001AZ070001-009，202101AZ070001-014）;云南省“万人计划”青年拔尖人才专项（YNWR-QNBJ-2020-279）;云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才项目（XDYC-QNRC-2023-0526）;昆明市国际（对外）科技合作基地（GHJD-2021030）;2023云南中医药大学中药学院研究生自主创新研究项目
