特应性皮炎（atopic dermatitis，AD）是以反复发作的湿疹样改变伴剧烈瘙痒为特征的慢性难治性疾病，对个人和社会均已造成不同程度的疾病负担。“肠-皮肤”轴是连接肠道与皮肤的双向通道，肠道菌群被视为二者沟通的桥梁，在维持皮肤健康中的作用受到广泛关注。肠道菌群失衡、肠道屏障功能受损、肠道代谢产物失调引起的免疫及神经内分泌系统的紊乱被视为干扰AD发生发展的关键因素。中医药对皮肤疾病的治疗具有显著优势，中药复方和活性成分能够通过调节肠道菌群达到防治AD的作用。为此，基于“肠-皮肤”轴理论，围绕肠道菌群在AD中扮演的重要角色展开探讨，并对近年来靶向肠道菌群治疗AD的中药进行系统性总结，为AD的防治提供思路与借鉴。

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and complex disease characterized by recurrent eczematous changes with intense itching, which has caused different degrees of disease burden on both individuals and society. The “gut-skin” axis is regarded as a bidirectional channel connecting gut and skin. The gut microbiota, serving as a communication bridge between gut and skin, has attracted extensive attention for its role in maintaining skin health. It is considered that imbalance of the gut microbiota, impairment of intestinal barrier function, disorders of intestinal metabolites and disturbances in immune and neuroendocrine system are key factors interfering with the occurrence and development of AD. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has notable benefits in the treatment of skin diseases. TCM compounds and active ingredients can prevent and treat AD by regulating the gut microbiota. Therefore, based on the “gut-skin” axis theory, this article explores the crucial role of the gut microbiota in AD and systematically summarizes the TCM targeting the gut microbiota for treatment of AD in recent years, with the aim of providing insights and references for prevention and treatment of AD.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（81973846）;黑龙江省省级名中医专家传承工作室项目（G20191503）