目的 探究杧果叶Mangiferae Indicae Folium水提物和醇提物的消滞功效差异，并建立不同品种杧果叶2种提取物的HPLC指纹图谱，再利用网络药理学和多成分定量法对2种提取物中的消滞成分进行研究。方法 制备不同品种杧果叶醇提物和水提物；使用幼龄SD大鼠探究杧果叶2种提取物的“行气消滞”功效；采用默克STAR RP-18e（250 mm×4.6 mm，5 μm）色谱柱，乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液为流动相，梯度洗脱，柱温30 ℃，体积流量0.8 mL/min，检测波长216 nm，绘制8种杧果叶水提物和8种杧果叶醇提物样品的HPLC指纹图谱，筛选共有峰，通过层次聚类分析（hierarchical clustering analysis，HCA）、主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）、网络药理学等方法评价杧果叶水提物和醇提物中消滞成分；并对可测消滞成分进行定量测定。结果 杧果叶2种提取物都具有消滞功效，杧果叶醇提物有利于幼龄SD大鼠体质量的增加和胃排空能力的增强，杧果叶水提物可以显著提高胃肠道蠕动能力。16种杧果叶提取物样品的HPLC指纹图谱共匹配出14个共有峰，指纹图谱相似度在0.646～0.984，HCA和PCA结果显示，杧果叶提取物可以聚类分析；网络药理学预测分析结果显示，杧果叶中发挥消滞功效的化合物有14种，使用对照品对比鉴定出杨梅素-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷（10号峰）、木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷（11号峰）、槲皮苷（12号峰）和槲皮素（14号峰）4种成分；杧果叶醇提物和水提物中4种可测成分杨梅素-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷、木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷、槲皮苷和槲皮素的质量分数分别为0.081%～0.297%、0.254%～3.104%、0.005%～0.056%、0.029%～0.314%。结论 杧果叶提取物具有消滞功效，用HPLC指纹图谱结合网络药理学和多成分分析可以评估和筛选杧果叶中消滞成分的差异性，为杧果叶质量控制提供了参考。

Objective The differences of ethanol and water extracts from Mangguoye (Mangiferae Indicae Folium, MIF) in eliminating stagnation effects were explored, then HPLC fingerprints of MIF ethanol and water extracts of different varieties were established, and network pharmacology and multi-component quantification were used to investigate the differential components of eliminating stagnation in two MIF extracts. Methods Ethanol and water extracts from MIF of different varieties were prepared; the effects of “promoting qi and eliminating stagnation” of two MIF extracts were explored by suckling SD rats. Then a Merck STAR RP-18e (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) column was used with acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution, with column temperature of 30 ℃, volume flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, detection wavelength of 216 nm, and the fingerprint of eight MIF water extracts and eight MIF ethanol extracts was drawn to screen the common peaks. The hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA) and network pharmacology methods were used to evaluate the differential components of eliminating stagnation in MIF under different treatment methods. And the content of four measurable effective components was determined. Results Two MIF extracts all had the ffects of eliminating stagnation. MIF ethanol extract was beneficial for the increase of suckling SD rats weight and gastric emptying rate, while its water extract could improve the small intestine propulsion rate and gastric emptying rate. Fourteen shared peaks were identified from the MIF fingerprint profile, with similarities between 0.646 and 0.984 for each batch. The results of HCA and PCA showed that MIF extracts could be clustered analysis. Fourteen compounds were predicted and analyzed in MIF with eliminating stagnation effects by network pharmacology, and four compounds were identified as common peaks in the fingerprint by comparison with the reference substances, namely myricetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-glucuronide, quercitrin and quercetin. The contents of myricetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-glucuronide, quercitrin and quercetin in MIF were 0.081%—0.297%, 0.254%—3.104%, 0.005%—0.056%, 0.029%—0.314%, respectively. Conclusion MIF extracts have eliminating stagnation effect, HPLC fingerprint combined with network pharmacology and chemometrics can be used to assess and screen the differences of eliminating stagnation components in MIF, which provides provide a basis for its quality control.

R283.6

广西自然科学基金项目（2024GXNSFBA010168）;广西教育厅中青年能力提升项目（2024KY0319）;农作物废弃物功能成分研究协同创新中心资助课题（CICAR2023-P1）;中医药生物新材料关键技术研究与智能装备开发学科交叉创新团队（GZKJ2303）