目的 建立天南星（苗药一把伞南星）Arisaema erubescens生品及炮制品HPLC指纹图谱及多成分定量测定方法，结合化学计量学分析对其进行质量评价。方法 采用HPLC法研究天南星生品及不同炮制品指纹图谱，并测定5种化学成分含量，通过相似度分析（similarity analysis，SA）、聚类分析（cluster analysis，CA）、主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）及偏最小二乘-判别分析（partial least square-discriminate analysis，PLS-DA），评价不同炮制品内在质量差异，寻找其主要差异性成分，最后采用综合评分法优选最佳炮制方法。结果 SA结果显示，趁鲜蒸制不同时间样品的相似度为0.990～0.999；九蒸九晒品的相似度为0.892～0.996；通过CA、PCA、PLS-DA均可将趁鲜蒸制、九蒸九晒、黄酒浸后蒸制及姜矾共制等不同炮制品分为2类，PLS-DA项下变量重要性投影（variable importance in projection，VIP）值筛选出夏佛塔苷和异夏佛塔苷2个主要差异成分；生品及炮制品中共指认了4（腺苷）、5（鸟苷）、6（胸苷）、14（夏佛塔苷）及18（异夏佛塔苷）号5个共有峰，23批天南星生品及炮制品中腺苷、鸟苷、胸苷、夏佛塔苷及异夏佛塔苷的质量分数依次为（921.7±0.0）～（8 974.4±220.2）、（375.1±0.3）～（7 700.5±64.8）、（48.7±0.8）～（1 457.7±7.0）、（14 274.5±23.0）～（102 175.5±1 837.8）、（1 805.2±6.3）～（14 307.8±105.9）μg/g；综合评分结果显示，趁鲜蒸制14、12 h及四蒸四晒样品综合评分值最高，分别为0.713 4、0.702 6、0.679 8。结论 优选了天南星的炮制工艺，扩大了天南星炮制品种，建立的质量评价方法切实可行；为天南星的质量控制和进一步研究开发提供实验依据。

Objective To establish HPLC fingerprints and multi-component content determination method of raw and processed products of Arisaema erubescens (AE) from Miao medicine and evaluate its quality in combination with chemometrics method. Methods The fingerprints of AE and its processed products were analyzed by HPLC and the contents of five chemical components were determined. By means of similarity analysis (SA), clustering analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), the quality difference of internal components of different processed products was evaluated, and the principal differential component was found. Comprehensive scoring method was used to select the best processing method. Results According to the SA, the similarity of samples during different steaming time was 0.990—0.999. The similarity of nine steamings and nine sun-dryings produts was 0.892—0.996. By means of CA, PCA and PLS-DA, we can classify different processed products into two categories, such as fresh steamed products, nine steamings and nine sun-dryings products, steamed products after soaking by rice wine, and ginger alum co-products. The VIP value of PLS-DA screened out two main differential components, schaftoside and isoschaftoside. A total of five common peaks of 4 (adenosine), 5 (guanosine), 6 (thymidine), 14 (schaftoside) and 18 (isoschaftoside) were identified in raw and processed products. The mass fractions of adenosine, guanosine, thymidine, schaftoside and isoschaftoside in 23 batches of samples were (921.7 ±0.0)—(8 974.4 ±220.2), (375.1 ±0.3)—(7 700.5 ±64.8), (48.7 ±0.8)—(1 457.7 ±7.0), (14 274.5 ±23.0)—(102 175.5 ±1 837.8), (1 805.2 ±6.3)—(14 307.8 ±105.9) μg/g, respectively. The results of comprehensive scoring method showed that the comprehensive scores of 14 and 12 hours of fresh steaming, and four steaming and four drying were the highest, which were 0.713 4, 0.702 6, and 0.679 8, respectively. Conclusion In this experiment, the processing technology of A. erubescens was optimized, the processing varieties were expanded, and the quality evaluation method established was feasible. The results provided a experimental basis for the quality control and further research and development of A. erubescens.

R283.6

贵州中医药大学2023年大学生创新创业训练计划项目（国家级）[贵中医大创合字（2023）25号];国家中医药管理局省级中药炮制技术传承基地项目：国中医药科技（2015）86号;贵州中医药大学国家与省级科技创新人才团队培育项目（贵中医TD合字［2024］001号）