目的 考察β-环糊精包合和Pickering乳液技术处理的石菖蒲和苍术挥发油（volatile oils from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma and Atractylodis Rhizoma，VAA），在强光照射条件下的稳定性，以提升挥发油的稳定性及品质，为其他含挥发油中药固体制剂稳定性的提升提供参考依据。方法 对VAA组、β-环糊精包合VAA组、Pickering乳组进行强光照射1、3、5 d稳定性考察，收集并测定挥发油保有率与过氧化物含量。采用GC-MS法测定各组挥发油成分，用OmicShare、Rmisc、Reshape2、Ggplot2包等分析数据，筛选差异成分，分析挥发性成分含量和组成，明确不同处理方式提升挥发油稳定性的效果。结果 在强光照射下，β-环糊精包合VAA组与Pickering乳组，保有率无显著性差异（P＞0.05），但相比于VAA组有更低的氧化程度（P＜0.001）。GC-MS分析结果表明，相比于VAA组，Pickering乳组与β-环糊精包合VAA组能够延缓强光照射环境下大部分差异成分与主要成分的含量变化，在强光照射1、3、5 d后，Pickering乳组阻止了10、9、10种差异成分的新生成，β-环糊精包合VAA组阻止了4、9、9种差异成分的新生成；Pickering乳组降低了2、2、3种新生成差异成分的相对含量，而β-环糊精包合VAA组分别降低了5、0、2种；另外，Pickering乳组有效保存了6、2、2种消失成分，β-环糊精包合VAA有效保存了5、1、8种消失成分。综上，Pickering乳与β-环糊精包合技术均能使VAA的稳定性显著提高。结论 β-环糊精包合VAA与Pickering乳能够显著提升VAA的稳定性及品质，Pickering乳更具优势。

Objective To investigate the stability of volatile oils from Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) and Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) (VAA) treated with β-cyclodextrin inclusion and Pickering emulsion technology under strong light exposure conditions, aiming to enhance the stability and quality of volatile oils, and to provide a reference for improving the stability of other solid preparations containing volatile oils in traditional Chinese medicine. Methods The stability of VAA group, β-cyclodextrin inclusion VAA group, and Pickering emulsion group was assessed under strong light exposure for 1, 3, and 5 days. The retention rate and peroxide content of volatile oils were collected and measured. The components of each group’s volatile oils were determined using GC-MS. Data were analyzed using packages such as OmicShare, Rmisc, Reshape2, and Ggplot2 to screen for differential components, analyze the content and composition of volatile components, and clarify the effects of different treatment methods on enhancing the stability of volatile oils. Results Under strong light exposure, there was no significant difference in retention rates between the β-cyclodextrin inclusion VAA group and the Pickering emulsion group (P > 0.05), but both exhibited lower oxidation levels compared to the VAA group (P < 0.001). GC-MS analysis indicated that, compared to the VAA group, both the Pickering emulsion group and the β-cyclodextrin inclusion VAA group were able to delay changes in the content of most differential and main components under strong light exposure. After 1, 3, and 5 days of strong light exposure, the Pickering emulsion group prevented the formation of 10, 9, and 10 new differential components, while the β-cyclodextrin inclusion VAA group prevented the formation of 4, 9, and 9 new differential components. The Pickering emulsion group reduced the relative content of 2, 2, and 3 newly formed differential components, whereas the β-cyclodextrin inclusion VAA group reduced 5, 0, and 2. Additionally, the Pickering emulsion group effectively preserved 6, 2, and 2 disappearing components, while the β-cyclodextrin inclusion VAA group preserved 5, 1, and 8 disappearing components. In summary, both Pickering emulsion and β-cyclodextrin inclusion technology significantly enhance the stability of VAA. Conclusion Both β-cyclodextrin inclusion VAA and Pickering emulsion can significantly improve the stability and quality of VAA, with Pickering emulsion demonstrating greater advantages.

R283.6

国家自然科学基金面上项目（82274105）;陕西省中医药管理局中医药科研项目（SZY-KJCYC-2025-JC-043）;中药制药共性关键技术研究科技创新团队（2024-CXTD-03）;陕西中医药大学学科创新团队项目（2019-YL11）;陕西省中医药管理局中药制药工程重点学科（2017001）