原发性痛经是一种普遍影响育龄女性的妇科疾病，具有较高的患病率。尽管非甾体抗炎药和激素是常用的一线用药，但不良反应大。中药以其良好的疗效和低不良反应，在临床上获得广泛应用。然而，中药复杂的“多成分-多靶点-多途径”作用特点导致其作用机制尚不明确。代谢组学提供了一种全局分析生物体内源性代谢物变化的方法，而网络药理学通过系统生物学和网络分析手段，揭露了药物的多靶点作用机制。作为新兴研究领域，代谢组学和网络药理学符合中医药的“整体观”和“系统论”，成为探究中药作用机制的有力工具，在揭示中药治疗原发性痛经作用机制方面发挥了重要作用。通过对代谢组学和网络药理学在阐明中药治疗原发性痛经作用机制进行综述，为中药的临床治疗提供更系统的科学依据。

Primary dysmenorrhea (PD), a common gynecological disorder affecting women of childbearing age, has a high prevalence rate. Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hormones are commonly used in frontline treatments, they are associated with significant side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), recognized for its effectiveness and low toxicity, is widely used in clinical practice. However, the complicated “multi-component, multi-target, multi-pathway” characteristics of TCM result in an unclear understanding of its mechanisms. Metabolomics provides a method for global analysis of endogenous metabolites in biosystems, while network pharmacology uncovers the multi-target mechanisms of drugs through systems biology and network analysis. As emerging research fields, metabolomics and network pharmacology align with the “holistic view” and “systems theory” of TCM, becoming powerful tools for exploring the mechanisms of TCM, and have played an important role in elucidating the mechanisms of TCM in treating PD. This comprehensive review outlines the progress of research applying metabolomics and network pharmacology in deciphering the mechanisms of TCM treatments for PD, aims at providing more systematic scientific support for clinical application of TCM.

R285

河北省自然科学基金重点项目（H2022423335）;河北省重点研发计划项目（23372502D）;国家中医药管理局科技项目（GZY-KJS-2023-030）;河北省自然科学基金中医药联合基金培育项目（H2022423341）