中药材中有效成分的种类和含量（时空特异性）与中药的质量和疗效密切相关。通过分析有效成分在药材生长、炮制、贮藏过程中的动态变化规律（时间特异性），来确定其采收期、炮制参数及贮藏条件。同一种中药材，在不同产地、不同积累部位及同一部位的不同组织，其有效成分的种类和含量也可能存在差异（空间特异性）。因此，应用实例综述了中药材中化学成分时空特异性的研究进展，以此来全面评价中药材，确保其合理利用，同时也为全方面多角度地研究中药提供策略，促进中药高质量发展。

The types and contents of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) materials (temporal-spatial characteristics) are closely related to the quality and therapeutic effects. Analyzing the dynamic variations of active ingredients in TCM materials during the growth, processing, and storage (temporal characteristics) enables the determination of the optimal harvest period, processing parameters, and storage conditions. Variations in the types and contents of active ingredients (spatial characteristics) exist not only among different sources and parts of the same TCM materials, but also different tissues within the same part. This paper summarizes the research progresses on the temporal-spatial characteristics of chemical components in TCM materials by examples. This comprehensive evaluation of the quality of TCM materials ensures its rational utilization and provides a strategy for conducting comprehensive and multidimensional research on TCM, promoting the high-quality development of TCM.

R28

国家自然科学基金资助项目（32070356）;国家自然科学基金资助项目（31900269）