甘草Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma属豆科植物，其干燥根和根茎是常见的药食两用的中药材。根部含有多种活性成分，其中甘草次酸被广泛研究和应用。甘草次酸是一种五环三萜，具有多种生物活性，如护肝、抗氧化、抗菌等，并且通过修饰能够得到大量衍生物以解决其不溶于水等问题，从而扩大研究范围，因此引起了广泛的关注。通过系统总结甘草次酸的结构修饰、生物活性及其在医学、食品和化妆品等领域的应用，并且讨论了当前甘草次酸有待研究的限制问题，为甘草的开发利用提供参考。

Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) belongs to Leguminosae family, and its dried roots and rhizomes are common herbs used for both medicinal and food purposes. The roots contain a variety of active ingredients, among which glycyrrhizic acid has been widely studied and applied. Glycyrrhizic acid is a pentacyclic triterpene with various bioactivities, such as hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antibacterial, etc., and has attracted extensive attention because it can be modified to obtain a large number of derivatives to solve the problem of its insolubility in water, thus expanding the scope of research. By systematically summarizing the structural modification and biological activities of glycyrrhizic acid and its applications in the fields of medicine, food and cosmetics, and discussing the current limitations of glycyrrhizic acid to be researched, we can provide a reference for the development and utilization of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(81891012);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U19A2010);四川省中医药科技产业创新团队(2022C001);大学生创新创业训练计划(202310633006)