中药多糖是中药的主要活性成分之一，具有显著的生物活性，应用前景广阔。为了确保中药多糖的有效性和安全性，对其进行质量控制和评价尤为重要。鉴于多糖的生物活性与其理化性质密切相关，进行准确且可靠的定性与定量分析是控制多糖质量的关键手段。然而由于多糖结构的复杂性，对其进行专属性强、灵敏度高的定性和定量分析仍是难点。通过对近年来中药多糖结构表征及定性和定量分析技术与方法的研究进行综述，并在此基础上提出了中药多糖质控及评价体系亟需解决的问题。为中药多糖质量控制及评价体系的建立提供参考，同时为进一步开发利用中药多糖提供理论基础。

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) polysaccharide is one of the main active ingredients in TCM, and it has significant and wide range of biological activities and promising applications. To ensure the effectiveness and safety of TCM polysaccharides, quality control and evaluation are essential. Since the biological activities of polysaccharides are closely related to their physicochemical properties, qualitative and quantitative analyses are a direct and feasible method for controlling the quality of polysaccharides. However, due to the complex structure of polysaccharides, qualitative and quantitative analysis of polysaccharides with high specificity and sensitivity is still a difficult task. In this paper, we summarize and discuss the research progress on the structural characterization as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques and methods of TCM polysaccharides at home and abroad in recent years, and on the basis of this, we put forward the problems that need to be solved in the quality control and evaluation system of TCM polysaccharides at present. It aims to provide a reference for establishing a quality control and evaluation system of TCM polysaccharides, and at the same time to provide a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of TCM polysaccharides.

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中国科学院青年创新促进会(2023442);兰州市青年科技人才创新项目(2023-QN-89);甘肃省科技计划东西协作专项(鲁甘科技协作项目)(22CX8NA068);兰州市城关区科技计划项目(2020-2-2-2);甘肃省科技计划自然科学基金项目(21JR11RA136);甘肃省教育厅双一流重大科研项目(GSSYLXM-05);甘肃省中药制药工艺工程研究中心开放课题(ZYGY202004)