目的 建立一种能够对梅花鹿茸饮片质量进行综合评价的方法，为梅花鹿茸饮片质量标准的完善及优质梅花鹿茸饮片的筛选提供依据。方法 收集30批次的梅花鹿茸药材，采用柱前（PITC）衍生法检测梅花鹿茸饮片中氨基酸含量，并利用主成分分析（principal components analysis，PCA）和正交偏最小二乘判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis，OPLS-DA）等化学计量学方法对不同产地梅花鹿茸饮片的氨基酸含量进行分析；再将浸出物含量、总氮含量和氨基酸含量结果结合AHP-熵权法建立梅花鹿茸饮片综合质量评价方法。结果 建立了梅花鹿茸饮片氨基酸含量HPLC法测定方。PCA分析结果显示不同产地梅花鹿茸饮片的氨基酸含量差异显著；OPLS-DA分析结果显示甘氨酸、羟脯氨酸和脯氨酸是引起梅花鹿茸饮片质量差异的差异标志物；通过AHP-熵权法分析发现：3个产地梅花鹿茸饮片的综合评分中，吉林敦化产区综合总分为7.410，辽宁西丰产区综合总分为3.974，吉林长春产区综合总分为3.595，可知吉林敦化的梅花鹿茸饮片的质量最佳。结论 所建立的方法操作便捷、结果准确；多指标含量测定联合AHP-熵权法全面客观，可用于不同产地梅花鹿茸饮片综合品质的评价，为后续梅花鹿茸定量质量控制研究提供参考。

Objective A method was established to comprehensively evaluate the quality of sika deer antler decoction pieces from different origins, so as to provide a basis for the improvement of the quality standards of sika deer antler decoction pieces and the screening of high-quality sika deer antler decoction pieces. Methods Thirty batches of sika deer antler velvet were collected, and the amino acid content of sika deer antler decoction pieces from different origins was analyzed by pre-column (PITC) derivatization method, and the amino acid content of sika deer antler decoction pieces from different origins was analyzed by chemometric methods such as principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. Then, the results of extract content, total nitrogen content and amino acid content were combined with the AHP-entropy weight method to establish a comprehensive quality evaluation method for sika deer antler decoction pieces. Results A method for the determination of amino acid content of sika deer antler decoction pieces (HPLC method) was established, and the results of methodological investigation met the requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The results of PCA analysis showed that the amino acid content of sika deer antler decoction pieces from different origins was significantly different. The results of OPLS-DA analysis showed that glycine, hydroxyproline and proline were differential quality markers that caused the quality difference of sika deer antler decoction pieces. Through the analysis of AHP-entropy weight method, the comprehensive score of sika deer antler decoction pieces from the three producing areas was 7.410 in Dunhua City, 3.974 in Xifeng County, Liaoning Province, and 3.595 in Shuangyang District, Jilin Province. Conclusion The established method is convenient to operate and the results are accurate; The determination of multi-index content combined with AHP-entropy weight method is comprehensive and objective, which can be used to evaluate the comprehensive quality of sika deer antler decoction pieces from different origins, and provide a reference for subsequent quantitative quality control research on sika deer antler velvet.

R286.2

国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3504200);江苏省研究生实践创新计划项目(SJCX24_0908);江苏省研究生科研创新计划项目(KYCX24_2299)