目的 探究不同产地蒙古黄芪Astragalus membranaceus主要药效成分的含量差异，以及不同药效成分含量与经纬度、光照、温度、水分等地理气候因子的相关性。方法 基于HPLC法测定了甘肃定西、山西大同、陕西榆林等7个产地蒙古黄芪的黄芪甲苷、黄芪皂苷Ⅰ等4种皂苷类成分和毛蕊异黄酮、芒炳花素等8种黄酮类成分的含量，通过方差分析比较各产地蒙古黄芪成分含量的差异，并采用相关性分析及通径分析探究地理气候因子与成分含量的相关性。结果 不同产地蒙古黄芪的12种药效成分含量均存在显著差异，其中山西大同产黄芪的黄芪皂苷、黄酮苷类成分含量较高，甘肃定西产黄芪的黄酮苷元类成分含量较高。相关性分析结果表明，在经度较高的地区有利于黄芪皂苷及黄酮苷类成分的积累，在经度较低地区有利于黄酮苷元类成分的积累。进一步通径分析结果表明，经度对药效成分的影响主要与降水量和光照条件有关。此外，9月较高的太阳辐射和4月较少的降水量有利于黄酮苷类成分的积累。结论 皂苷及黄酮类成分含量在不同产地的蒙古黄芪间差异显著，经度、9月太阳辐射和4月降水量对上述成分的积累影响较大。

Objective To explore the differences in the concentration of the primary medicinal components of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongolicus across diverse regions, and to explore the association between the content of these medicinal components and geographical or climatic factors, including longitude, latitude, altitude, light intensity, temperature, etc.. Methods HPLC was used to determine the content of four astragalus saponins and eight flavonoids in A. membranaceus var. mongolicus from seven production areas, including Dingxi City in Gansu Province, Datong City in Shanxi Province, and Yulin City in Shaanxi Province, China. These components include astragaloside IV, astragaloside I, calycosin, etc. This study compared and contrasted the differences in component content among A. membranaceus var. mongolicus harvested from these diverse regions. Furthermore, it investigated the relationship between the component content and geographical or climatic factors through correlation analysis and path analysis. Results The results revealed significant differences in the content of 12 medicinal components of A. membranaceus var. mongolicus across various regions. Specifically, the content of astragalus saponins and flavonoid glycosides in specimens from Datong City was relatively higher, and the content of the glycosidic components of flavonoid glycosides in specimens from Dingxi City is relatively higher. The correlation analysis further demonstrated that regions with higher longitude favored the accumulation of astragalus saponins and flavonoid glycosides, whereas regions with lower longitude were conducive to the accumulation of the glycosidic components of flavonoid glycosides. Further path analysis results indicated that the effect of longitude on these pharmacological components was mainly related to precipitation and lighting factors. In addition, higher solar radiation in September and less precipitation in April were conducive to the accumulation of flavonoid glycosides. The above research results have important guiding significance for the targeted cultivation of high-quality A. membranaceus var. mongolicus. Conclusion There are significant differences in the content of saponins and flavonoids among A. membranaceus var. mongolicus from different regions. Factors such as longitude, solar radiation in September, and precipitation in April have significant effects on the accumulation of these components.

R286.2

国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3501505)