目的 探讨桃胶粉对过食“辛辣醇酒”致便秘小鼠的作用及机制。方法 35只ICR小鼠适应性喂养1周后，按体质量随机分为对照组、模型组、麻仁丸（0.30 g/kg）组和桃胶粉低、高剂量（0.25、0.50 g/kg）组，每组7只。除对照组外，每日ig辛辣醇酒混合液（10 mL/kg），每日1次，连续6周，建立“辛辣醇酒”致便秘小鼠模型。造模成功后，给药组ig相应药物（10 mL/kg），8 h后模型组和给药组ig辛辣醇酒混合液（10 mL/kg），每日1次，连续7周。给药期间，观察各组小鼠排便情况；末次给药后，检测血清中一氧化氮（nitric oxide，NO）、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（inducible nitric oxide synthase，iNOS）和粪便中短链脂肪酸（short chain fatty acids，SCFAs）含量；观察结肠组织形态学变化，并检测结肠5-羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT）含量和iNOS、闭合蛋白（occludin）、闭锁小带蛋白1（zonula occludens protein 1，ZO-1）、紧密连接蛋白1（claudin-1）、G蛋白偶联受体43（G protein-coupled receptor 43，GPR43）、色氨酸羟化酶1（tryptophan hydroxylase 1，TPH1）、血清素转运体（serotonin transporter，SERT）、5-羟色胺3受体（5-hydroxytryptamine receptor subtype 3，5-HT₃R）的蛋白表达。结果 桃胶粉可显著增加便秘小鼠2 h内排便粒数和粪便含水率（P＜0.05、0.01），缩短首次排便时间（P＜0.01），降低血清NO和iNOS水平（P＜0.01），增加粪便乙酸、丙酸和总酸含量（P＜0.05、0.01），改善结肠组织结构异常，增加结肠5-HT含量（P＜0.05），降低结肠iNOS、SERT的蛋白表达（P＜0.01），提高结肠紧密连接蛋白、GPR43、TPH1、5-HT₃R的蛋白表达（P＜0.05、0.01）。结论 桃胶粉能改善过食“辛辣醇酒”所致的小鼠排便次数减少、排便时间过长和粪便干硬等便秘症状，其机制可能与增加SCFAs生成进而促进肠道5-HT的产生有关。

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Peach Gum Powder (桃胶粉) on constipation in mice induced by excessive consumption of “spicy alcohol”. Methods After one week of adaptive feeding, a total of 35 ICR mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, Maren Pill (0.30 g/kg) group, peach gum powder low- and high-dose (0.25, 0.50 g/kg) groups according to body weight, with seven mice in each group. In addition to the control group, a mouse model of constipation induced by “spicy alcohol” was established by intragastriction of spicy alcohol mixed solution (10 mL/kg) once a day for six weeks. After the modeling was successful, the drug administration group was given corresponding drugs (10 mL/kg) intragaically, and the model group and the drug administration group were given spicy alcohol mixture (10 mL/kg) intragaically 8 h later, once a day, for seven weeks. During the treatment period, fecal characteristics of the mice were monitored; after the last administration, levels of nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in serum and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces were measured. Additionally, colonic tissue morphology was examined, and the content of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in colon, along with the protein expressions of iNOS, occludin, zonula occludens protein 1 (ZO-1), claudin-1, G protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43), tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), serotonin transporter (SERT), and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor subtype 3 (5-HT₃R) were analyzed. Results Peach gum powder significantly increased the number of fecal pellets within 2 h and the fecal water content (P < 0.05, 0.01), shortened the initial defecation time (P < 0.01), reduced serum NO and iNOS levels (P < 0.01), increased the content of acetic acid, propionic acid and total acid in feces (P < 0.05, 0.01), ameliorated abnormalities in colonic tissue structure, increased the content of 5-HT in colon (P < 0.05), decreased colonic iNOS and SERT protein expression (P < 0.01), and increased expression of colonic tight junction proteins, GPR43, TPH1, and 5-HT₃R (P < 0.05, 0.01). Conclusion Peach gum powder can alleviate symptoms of constipation such as decreased defecation frequency, prolonged defecation time, and hard stools induced by excessive consumption of “spicy alcohol”. The mechanism may be related to the increased production of SCFAs to subsequently promote the production of intestinal 5-HT.

R285.5

国家自然科学基金资助项目(82274139);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2020C04020);浙江省重点实验室(2012E10002)