目的 优化鹿筋的提取工艺，深入分析鹿筋提取物的化学成分，同时考察鹿筋提取物的抗炎镇痛活性，以期为其实践应用提供科学依据。方法 以鹿筋浸膏得率为指标，料液比、提取时间、鹿筋大小为优化因素，利用单因素实验获得鹿筋提取的最佳工艺；利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry，UPLC-MS/MS）分析鹿筋提取物各萃取层的化学成分；利用脂多糖（lipopolysaccharides，LPS）诱导的RAW264.7炎症模型研究鹿筋提取物的体外抗炎活性，利用醋酸致小鼠扭体实验、二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀实验研究鹿筋提取物的体内抗炎镇痛活性。结果 鹿筋提取最佳工艺为料液比1∶40、提取时间6 d、鹿筋大小60目，该条件下浸膏得率为12.05%；通过数据库对比，推测鹿筋各萃取层中包含异香兰素、α-亚麻酸、胞嘧啶等38种化学成分，结合网络药理学结果，推测其中石斛碱、异阿魏酸、姜黄醇、辣椒素、金丝桃苷、山楂酸等具有抗炎镇痛作用；鹿筋提取物可以显著抑制LPS诱导的小鼠单核巨噬细胞白血病RAW264.7细胞中炎症因子一氧化氮（nitric oxide，NO）和白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6，IL-6）的分泌，可以显著抑制醋酸引起的小鼠扭体和二甲苯引起的小鼠耳肿胀。结论 优化的鹿筋提取工艺、利用UPLC-MS/MS测得的鹿筋化学成分及相关抗炎镇痛实验为鹿筋抗炎镇痛等保健方面的进一步应用提供了重要的数据支持，为我国东北等地丰富的鹿筋资源提供了新的发展路线。

Objective Optimizing the extraction process of deer sinew, conducting a thorough analysis of the chemical composition of the extract, and evaluating its anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, in order to provide scientific basis for practical applications. Methods Taking the yield of deer sinew extract as index, the ratio of material to liquid, extraction time and the size of deer sinew as optimization factors, the best extraction process of deer sinew was obtained by single factor experiment. The chemical components of each extraction layer of deer sinew extract were analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of deer sinew extract was studied using an lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 inflammatory model, while the in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities were investigated using acetic acid-induced writhing experiments in mice and xylene-induced ear edema experiments in mice. Results The optimal extraction process for deer sinew involves a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:40, an extraction time of 6 d, and a deer sinew size of 60 mesh, resulting in an extract yield of 12.05%. Through database comparison, it is speculated that the extracts of deer sinew contain 38 chemical components such as isovanillin, α-linolenic acid, cytosine, etc. Combined with the results of network pharmacology, it is speculated that dendrobine, isoferulic acid, curcumol, capsaicin, hyperoside, maslinic acid have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Deer sinew extract significantly inhibits the secretion of inflammatory factors nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, as well as significantly suppressing acetic acid-induced writhing and xylene-induced ear edema in mice. Conclusion The optimized extraction process for deer sinew, the chemical components identified through UPLC-MS/MS analysis, and the related anti-inflammatory and analgesic experiments conducted in this study provide important data support for the further application of deer sinew in health care aspects such as anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. This research offers a new development path for the abundant deer sinew resources in Northeast China and other regions.

R283.6

辽宁省自然科学基金面上项目（2022-MS-243）;沈阳药科大学优青托举计划（YQ202118）;辽宁省教育厅2024年度战略性产业化项目