目的 对采自西沙永乐群岛海域的杯叶海绵Phyllospongia foliascens进行系统的化学成分研究。方法 综合运用硅胶柱色谱、十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶填料（ODS）柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、半制备高效液相色谱等技术进行分离纯化得到单体化合物。采用高分辨电喷雾电离质谱、核磁共振波谱、圆二色谱结合文献比对等方法鉴定其结构。对分离得到的化合物进行细胞毒活性评价。结果 从杯叶海绵的石油醚萃取物中分离鉴定了7个单体化合物，包括1个新scalarane型二倍半萜：杯叶海绵萜U（1）；以及已知的4个scalarane型二倍半萜：phyllofolactone Q（2）、phyllofolactone R（3）、carteriofenone I（4）、carteriofenone G（5）；2个甾醇：5α,8α-epidioxycholest-6-en-3β-ol（6）和 (22E)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol（7）。化合物1对Daudi细胞和Raji细胞增殖有抑制作用，半数抑制浓度（half maximal inhibitory concentration，IC₅₀）值分别为2.23、15.24 μmol/L。结论 化合物1为新化合物，具有细胞毒活性，化合物4～6为杯叶海绵中首次分离得到的化合物。

Objective To systematically study the chemical constituents of Phyllospongia foliascens from Yongle Island, Xisha. Methods The monomers were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, octadecylsilyl silica gel (ODS) column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel chromatography and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Then they were identified by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and electrostatic circular dichroism (ECD), combined with literature data comparison. The cytotoxic activity of these compounds was evaluated. Results A total of seven compounds were isolated and identified from the petroleum ether extract of P. foliascens, including one new scalarane sesterterpenoid: phyllofolactone U (1), along with four scalarane sesterterpenoids: phyllofolactone Q (2), phyllofolactone R (3), carteriofenone I (4), carteriofenone G (5) and two sterols: 5α,8α-epidioxycholest-6-en-3β-ol (6), (22E)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (7). Compound 1 exhibited the inhibitory effects on Daudi and Raji cells with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of 2.23 and 15.24 μmol·L^-1, respectively. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound with cytotoxic activity, and compounds 4—6 was isolated from P. foliascens for the first time.

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国家重点研发计划-青年科学家项目（2022YFC2804300）;国家自然科学基金面上项目（82073758）;临港新片区海洋生物医药科技创新型平台科创基金