非酒精性脂肪性肝病（non-alcoholic fatty liver disease，NAFLD）已成为全球最常见的慢性疾病之一，有效治疗NAFLD已被当代医学列为亟待解决的关键问题。中药多糖具有广泛的药理活性。大量临床前研究证实，中药多糖可在多个相互关联的水平上干扰NAFLD的发生发展，如改善脂质代谢与胰岛素抵抗、调控氧化应激、缓解免疫炎症反应和调节肠道菌群等，从而显示出作为新型抗NAFLD药物的巨大潜力。通过总结中药多糖对NAFLD的防治作用及作用机制，为中药多糖在植物医学和现代药物的应用提供依据，为促进中药多糖资源的开发利用和NAFLD的新药研发提供参考。

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the most common chronic diseases in the world, and the effective treatment of NAFLD has been listed as a key problem to be solved urgently in contemporary medicine. Polysaccharides in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have a wide range of pharmacological activities. A large number of preclinical studies have confirmed that TCM polysaccharides can interfere with the occurrence and development of NAFLD at multiple interrelated levels, such as improving lipid metabolism and insulin resistance, regulating oxidative stress, alleviating immune inflammatory response, and regulating intestinal microbiota, thus showing great potential as a new anti-NAFLD drug. This paper summarizes the prevention and treatment effect and mechanism of TCM polysaccharides on NAFLD, which provides a basis for the application of TCM polysaccharides in plant medicine and modern medicines, and provides a reference for promoting the development and utilization of TCM polysaccharide resources and the research and development of new drugs for NAFLD.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（81673959）；湖南省科技创新计划项目（2021SK51415）；湖南省中医药科研计划项目（C2022005）；湖南中医药大学校院联合基金项目重点课题（2022XYLH003）；湖南省研究生科研创新项目（CX20230805）