基于本草古籍和现代文献资料，厘清吴茱萸Evodiae Fructus的古今发展脉络，对其名称、基原、产地、品质、采收炮制、使用禁忌、药理作用等进行梳理，为含有吴茱萸的古代经典名方中药复方制剂的发展及吴茱萸的开发利用提供理论依据。历代本草多以吴茱萸为正名，不同著作中吴茱萸及其种属的拉丁学名存在差异，经考证Tetradium ruticarpum作为其拉丁学名较为合理，且吴茱萸和食茱萸Zanthoxylum ailanthoides二者并非一物。吴茱萸以贵州、湖南所产量大、质优，为道地产区，品质以饱满、色绿、香气浓、无杂质为佳。吴茱萸多于秋季果实尚未开裂时采集，晒干或低温干燥收藏，炮制通常为沸汤浸洗、甘草水制和盐汤炒制。不宜多服久服，阴虚火旺及无寒湿滞气者禁服，不宜与丹参、硝石、白垩同用。吴茱萸在现代医学领域应用广泛，其在炮制、功效等方面仍有潜在的研究价值，值得进一步临床开发应用。

This paper takes references to the ancient herbal books and modern literature, clarifies the ancient and modern development of Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus), and sorts out its name, origin, producing area, quality, collection and processing, taboo of use, and pharmacological action in order to provide theoretical basis for the development of ancient classic Chinese herbal compound formulations containing Evodiae Fructus and the development and utilization of Evodiae Fructus. Evodiae Fructus was used as the proper name in the past. It has been found that the Latin scientific names of Evodiae Fructus are different in different works. According to research, Tetradium ruticarpum is a more reasonable Latin scientific name, and Evodiae Fructus and Zanthoxylum ailanthoides are not the same thing. Guizhou and Hunan were genuine producing areas with large output and high quality. Those with full quality, green color, strong aroma and no impurities are preferred. it is collected before the fruit is cracked and dried in the sun or at low temperature in autumn. The main processing methods are boiling soup soaking, licorice decoction and salt soup stir-frying. It is not advisable to take it for a long time, and it is forbidden for those with yin deficiency and excessive fire and no cold and dampness stagnation of qi. It is not advisable to match it with Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), saltpeter and chalk in compatibility. Evodiae Fructus is widely used in the field of modern medicine, and it still has potential research value in its processing and efficacy, which is worthy of further clinical development and application.

R281.6

湖南省重点研发计划项目（2018SK2111）