茯苓为药食两用的传统中药材，其药用历史悠久，应用广泛，是中药方剂配伍的要药及中成药的重要原料。为满足市场需求，茯苓培养方式不断发生变革，从野生采收、人工栽培逐步发展至代料栽培和液体发酵，但不同的培养方式下，茯苓产量、药材品质、推广应用等的差异尚无明确的分析比较。笔者提出药材四性，即临床疗效“三性”（安全性、有效性、质量可控性）和经济性，用于综合评价药材种植、药材品质和临床药效的观点。因此，基于药材四性的视角对茯苓培养方式的沿革进行综述，探讨不同培养方式茯苓的品质差异及其推广应用，为茯苓生产和资源开发提供参考。

Fuling [Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf], as a traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) used for both medicine and food, has a long history of medicinal use and wide application. P. cocos is an important ingredient in the compatibility of TCM prescriptions and an important raw materials of traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations. In order to meet market demand, the cultivation methods of P. cocos is constantly changing, gradually developing from wild cultivation and artificial cultivation to substitute cultivation technology and liquid fermentation technology. However, there is no clear analysis and comparison of the differences in P. cocos yield, medicinal material quality, promotion and application with different cultivation methods. The four properties of medicinal materials, namely safety, effectiveness, quality controllability and economy, are the comprehensive evaluation of medical herb planting, quality and clinical efficacy. Therefore, the evolution of P. cocos’s cultivation methods based on these four properties was analyzed and the differences in quality and application under different cultivation of P. cocos, were explored in this review, in order to provide reference for the further development of P. cocos cultivation technology.

R282

四川省中医药管理局面上项目（2023MS297）；四川省科学技术厅重点研发项目（2020YFN0028）