目的 采用HPLC法对不同年限人参Panax ginseng（林下参）茎、叶中10种人参皂苷类成分含量进行测定，结合化学模式识别比较含量差异。方法 采用HPLC法对10、15、20、25年林下参茎、叶中人参皂苷Rg₁、Re、Rf、Rg₂、Ro、Rb₁、Rc、Rb₂、Rb₃、Rd含量进行测定，采用化学计量学方法对结果进行分析。结果 HPLC结果显示，在林下参茎中未检测到人参皂苷Rb₂、Rb₃，林下参叶中10种皂苷含量远高于林下参茎中。在4种年限林下参叶中，10种人参皂苷总量在60～100 mg/g，20年时含量最高；在4种年限林下参茎中，除人参皂苷Rb₂、Rb₃外的8种人参皂苷总量在20年最高；原人参二醇型皂苷在20年林下参叶中最高。原人参三醇型皂苷在15年林下参叶中皂苷含量最高；4种年限林下参茎、叶中差异性成分为人参皂苷Re、Rd、Rg₁和Rc。结论 不同生长年限的林下参茎、叶中皂苷含量存在差异，为林下参非药用部位资源的开发与利用提供理论依据。

Objective The contents of 10 species of ginsenosides in the stems and leaves of understory Renshen (Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.) of different ages were measured by HPLC method, and the content differences were compared by chemical pattern recognition. Methods The contents of ginsenoside Rg₁, Re, Rf, Rg₂, Ro, Rb₁, Rc, Rb₂, Rb₂, Rb₃ and Rd in the stems and leaves of understory P. ginseng at 10, 15, 20 and 25 years were measured by HPLC method, and the results were analyzed by chemometric method. Results HPLC results showed that no ginsenosides Rb₂ and Rb₃ were detected in understory P. ginseng stems, and the content of 10 saponins in understory P. ginseng leaves was much higher than that in understory P. ginseng stems. Among the four kinds of understory P. ginseng leaves, the total amount of ginsenosides of 10 species was 60—100 mg/g, and the content was the highest at 20 years. Among the four kinds of understory P. ginseng stems, the total amount of ginsenosides in eight except ginsenosides Rb₂ and Rb₃ was the highest in 20 years. Protopanaxadiol (PPD) -type saponins were the highest in understory P. ginseng in 20 years, and protopanaxatriol (PPT) -type saponins had the highest content of saponins in understory P. ginseng leaves in 15 years. The different components in the stems and leaves of understory P. ginseng under the four ages were ginsenosides Re, Rd, Rg₁ and Rc.Conclusion There are differences in saponin content in the stems and leaves of understory P. ginseng under different growth years, which provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of non-medicinal parts of understory P. ginseng.

R286.2

吉林省教育厅科学研究项目（JJKH20230979KJ）；“十四五”国家重点研发计划（2021YFD1600903-02）；国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202210199018X）