睡眠障碍是现代社会普遍存在的神经类疾病，严重影响患者的生活质量，对人类健康造成巨大威胁。天麻Gastrodiae Rhizoma是一种药食同源物质，是我国名贵中药，具有一定的镇静催眠作用，被广泛应用于改善患者的睡眠问题。通过对天麻中的天麻素、天麻苷元、腺苷、N⁶-(4-羟基苄基)嘌呤核糖及其类似物等活性成分改善睡眠的作用及其作用机制进行阐述，并对具有镇静催眠的天麻保健食品的剂型、配伍、适应人群、功能效果等进行统计分析，为天麻镇静催眠产品的研究开发提供参考。

Sleep disorders are prevalent neurological conditions in contemporary society, significantly impacting life quality and posing a substantial threat to human health. Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) is a traditional Chinese medicine used for both medicinal and food purposes, with sedative and hypnotic effects. Therefore, this review comprehensively elucidates the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of the active ingredients in gastrodin, gastrodigenin, adenosine, N⁶-(4-hydroxybenzyl) adenine ribose, and their analogs, in improving sleep. In addition, this paper systematically analyses the dosage form, compatibility, target population, and functional outcomes of Gastrodiae Rhizoma supplements with sedative-hypnotic effects, aiming to provide a reference for the research and development of sedative-hypnotic products containing Gastrodiae Rhizoma.

R285

陕西省重点研发项目（2024NC-YBXM-182）；陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划项目（23JY017）；陕西理工大学“市校共建”科研专项（SXC-2301）