三物黄芩汤（Sanwu Huangqin Decoction，SHD）始载于《金匮要略》，由黄芩、苦参、地黄3味药组成，为滋阴清热之经典方剂。主要含有黄酮类、生物碱类、环烯醚萜苷类及苯乙醇苷类等化合物，具有抗肿瘤、抑菌、抗病毒、抗过敏、抗白塞病等药理作用，临床多用于发热性疾病、红斑性肢痛症、自身免疫性肝病、皮肤性疾病等。通过对SHD的处方考证与历史沿革、化学成分、药理作用及现代临床应用等进行系统分析，并在此基础之上，依据中药质量标志物（quality marker，Q-Marker）的五原则对SHD的Q-Marker进行预测，黄芩中黄芩苷、黄芩素、汉黄芩苷、汉黄芩素、千层纸素A，苦参中苦参碱、氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱、槐果碱、槐定碱、三叶豆紫檀苷、苦参酮，地黄中梓醇、地黄苷D可初步确定为SHD的Q-Marker，为完善SHD的制剂过程中质量溯源体系及其质量评价与控制体系奠定一定的基础。

Sanwu Huangqin Decoction (三物黄芩汤, SHD), firstly recorded in the “Synopsis of Golden Chamber” written by Zhang Zhongjing, consists of Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix) and Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), which is a classic prescription for nourishing yin and clearing heat. The flavonoids, alkaloids, iridoid glycosides and phenylethanoid glycosides are the major chemical components from SHD, with the pharmacological effect of antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-allergic, anti-Behcet’s disease, ect. Clinically, it is mainly applied to treat the febrile diseases, erythromelalgia, autoimmune liver diseases, skin diseases and so on. The prescription research and historical origin, chemical composition, pharmacological effect and modern clinical application of SHD are systematically reviewed. Furthermore, the quality marker (Q-Marker) of SHD are predicted through the “five principles”. The results show that baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside, wogonin and oroxylin A in Scutellariae Radix, matrine, oxymatrine, oxysophocarpine, sophocarpine, sophoridine, trifolirhizin and kurarinone in Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and catalpol and rehmannioside D in Rehmanniae Radix could be preliminarily identified as Q-Marker of SHD, which could provide a certain foundation for improving of quality traceability system and evaluation and control system in the preparation process of SHD.

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湖北省教育厅中青年人才项目（Q20222009）