病毒性肺炎（viral pneumonia，VP）是一种严重危害人类健康的高发传染病。从中医角度看，VP属“风温”和“温病”。中药对VP具有良好的治疗效果，其作用机制可能与其对机体免疫平衡的调控、体内微生态的调控、炎症反应的抑制、肺纤维化的抑制、组织保护及直接抗病毒活性有关。动物模型是药物研发领域重要的实验手段。现有的VP动物模型多以西医为主，缺乏对中医证候的研究，不能反映中医辨证论治的特色。近年来，研究者一直在努力探索建立VP病证结合动物模型，使其能够更加准确地反映VP的不同中医证型和本质。通过对近年来中医疾病动物模型及相关肺炎病证模型进行分析，对其常见的建模方法、证型分类、证候研究及评价指标等进行综述，为建立符合中医辨证论治特点的VP动物模型提供参考。

Viral pneumonia (VP) is a highly prevalent infectious disease that poses a serious risk to human health. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), VP belongs to the categories of “wind temperature” and “warm disease”. Chinese medicines have good therapeutic effects on VP, and their mechanism of action may be related to their modulation of the body’s immune balance, regulation of microecology in vivo, suppression of inflammatory response, inhibition of pulmonary fibrosis, tissue protection and direct antiviral activity. Animal models are important experimental tools in the field of drug discovery and development. Existing animal models of VP are mostly based on Western medicine and lack research on TCM evidence, which cannot reflect the characteristics of TCM evidence-based treatment. In recent years, researchers have been trying to explore the establishment of an animal model for VP disease-evidence combination, so that it can more accurately reflect the different TCM patterns and nature of VP. By analysing the Chinese medicine disease animal models and related pneumonia evidence models in recent years, we reviewed their common modelling methods, evidence classification, evidence research and evaluation indexes, so as to provide reference for the establishment of VP animal models in line with the characteristics of TCM’s evidence-based treatment.

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