目的 建立不同产地白屈菜Chelidonium majus的HPLC指纹图谱及多指标含量测定方法，综合评价不同产地白屈菜药材质量，为其进一步研究和开发提供依据。方法 采用Agilent Extend C₁₈色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm，5 μm），流动相为0.1%磷酸水溶液（A）-乙腈（B），梯度洗脱，体积流量1.0 mL/min，检测波长284 nm，柱温25 ℃，进样量10 μL。采用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2012版）》建立4个主产地19批次白屈菜药材的HPLC指纹图谱并分析相似度。使用Origin2022软件进行聚类分析（hierarchical cluster analysis，HCA）、SIMCA-14.1软件进行主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）和偏最小二乘法-判别分析（partial least squares-discriminant analysis，PLS-DA）。通过对照品比对指认指标成分并定量测定，结果采用化学模式识别、箱线图以及熵权TOPSIS法进行综合评价。结果 19批次白屈菜HPLC指纹图谱共匹配出16个共有峰，指认出白屈菜碱、盐酸黄连碱、紫堇碱、盐酸血根碱和白屈菜红碱。指纹图谱相似度范围为0.745～0.983。HCA将19批白屈菜分为4类；PCA得到5个主成分的累积方差贡献率为84.758%；PLS-DA表明盐酸血根碱和白屈菜红碱等5个成分是不同产地白屈菜药材质量差异的标志性成分。白屈菜碱、盐酸黄连碱、紫堇碱、盐酸血根碱、白屈菜红碱质量分数分别为0.658～1.547、0.718～2.577、0.029～0.108、0.095～0.527、0.069～0.253 mg/g。箱线图与熵权TOPSIS法评价均表明辽宁和陕西产地的白屈菜药材综合质量较优。结论 所建立的白屈菜药材HPLC指纹图谱方法分离度好，操作简单；含量测定方法具有较好的稳定性和重复性，可为白屈菜药材质量控制与进一步研究提供参考依据。

Objective To establish HPLC fingerprint spectra and multi-index content determination method of Chelidonium majus from different regions. The quality of C. majus herbs from different regions was evaluated comprehensively to provide a basis for its further research and development. Methods Agilent Extend C₁₈ chromatographic column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used and 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution (A)-acetonitrile (B) were as the mobile phase for gradient elution, volume flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, detection wavelength was 284 nm, column temperature was 25 ℃, and injection volume was 10 μL. Using the “Similarity Evaluation System for Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprints (2012 Edition)” to establish HPLC fingerprints of 19 batches of C. majusherbs from four main producing areas and analyze the similarity. Using Origin2022 software for hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and SIMCA-14.1 software for principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). By comparing the identified indicator components with reference materials and quantitatively measuring them, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted using chemical pattern recognition and entropy weighted TOPSIS method. Results A total of 16 common peaks were identified in the HPLC fingerprint of 19 batches of C. majus, identifying chelidonine, coptisine hydrochloride, corydailine, sanguinarine hydrochloride and chelerythrine . The similarity range of the fingerprint spectrum was 0.745—0.983. HCA divided 19 batches of C. majus into four categories; The cumulative variance contribution rate of the five principal components obtained from PCA was 84.758%; The PLS-DA showed that five components, including sanguinarine hydrochloride and chelidonine, were the symbolic components of the quality difference of C. majusherbs from different regions. The mass fractions of chelidonine, coptisine hydrochloride, corydailine, sanguinarine hydrochloride and chelerythrine were 0.658—1.547, 0.718—2.577, 0.029—0.108, 0.095—0.527 and 0.069—0.253mg/g, respectively. The box plot and entropy weighted TOPSIS method evaluation both indicated that the comprehensive quality of C. majus herbs from Liaoning and Shaanxi regions was superior. Conclusion The established HPLC fingerprint method for C. majus herbs has good separation and simple operation; The content determination method has good stability and repeatability, which can provide a reference basis for the quality control and further research of C. majusherbs.

R286.2

新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所项目（KY2023094）；新疆自治区“十四五”重大科技专项（2022A03003-3）